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Home > Online Textile Dictionary
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Word
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Category
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Short
description
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Description
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| YARN |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
Generic term for
a thin, long, continuous strand of textile fibres, filaments,
or material in a form suitable for knitting, weaving,
or otherwise interwining to form a textile fabric. |
Generic term for
a thin, long, continuous strand of textile fibres, filaments,
or material in a form suitable for knitting, weaving,
or otherwise interwining to form a textile fabric. An
assembly of substantial length with a relatively small
cross-section, made from fibres and/or filaments into
a long, thin strand.Assemblies of fibres or filaments
are usually given other names during the stages that lead
to the production of yarn, e.g. tow, slubbing. sliver,
or roving. Except in the case of continuous filament or
tape yarns, any tensile strength possessed by assemblies
at these stages is generally the minimum that can hold
them together during processing. |
| YARN COUNT IN TEX
SYSTEM |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
The tex value of
a yarn is the weight in grams of 1000 m of yarn, so that
a larger number indicates a heavier, coarser yarn. |
Traditional yarn
counts and deniers have been replaced to a great extent
by the tex system.
The tex value of a yarn is the weight in grams of 1000
m of yarn, so that a larger number indicates a heavier,
coarser yarn.
Yarn Count in Tex System of Continuous Filament Yarns:
On the tex system continuous filament yarns, formerly
specified in terms of denier, are specified in decitex.
The relationship between decitex and denier is:
denier is the weight in grams of 9000 m of yarn.
dtex is the weight in grams of 10000 m of yarn.
tex is the weight in grams of 1000 m of yarn.
Thus, tex = denier ÷ 0.9
Yarn Count in Tex System of Staple Yarns: Traditional
counts depend upon the spinning system used because a
different hank length is employed in each case, e.g.
1/24s cotton count means that,
24 hanks each 840 yd long weigh 1 lb.
1/24s worsted count means that,
24 hanks each 560 yd long weigh 1 lb.
1/24s woollen count means that,
24 hanks each 256 yd long weigh 1 lb.
On the tex system the meaning is the same for all yarns.
24s 'tex count' means that,
1000 m of yarn weigh 24 g. |
| YARN DYED |
fabrics |
Fabrics woven
or knitted with yarns that have been dyed. |
Fabrics woven
or knitted with yarns that have been dyed. |
| YARN NUMBERING
SYSTEM |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
A system expressing
yarn size as a relationship between length and mass |
A system expressing
yarn size as a relationship between length and mass |
| YARN PERFORMANCE
CHARACTERISTICS |
fabrics |
The performance
specification requirements for yarns, meant for various
end uses, are usually guided by the internationally approved
'Standard Performance Specifications'. |
The performance
specification requirements for yarns, meant for various
end uses, are usually guided by the internationally approved
'Standard Performance Specifications'. Generally, the
main performance characteristics which are tested on yarns
are: Count, Dimensional stability to washing, Identification
of fibre/filament, Lea strength, Loop strength, Melting
point (fibre), Single yarn/thread strength, Twist
per unit length and Yarn evenness. |
| YARN SPINNING |
processes, operations |
The process of
joining together short or staple fibres by drawing them
from the fibrous mass and twisting them together. |
The process of
joining together short or staple fibres by drawing them
from the fibrous mass and twisting them together. Spun
yarns are produced in this way from the natural fibres
such as wool, flax and cotton. Man-made fibres also are
produced in this form, after chopping up a tow of continuous
threads. The fundamental operations of spinning yarn by
traditional methods are carding, drawing and inserting
twist, followed by winding |
| YARN TWIST |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
The number of turns
of twist per unit length yarn. |
The number of turns
of twist per unit length yarn. It is the twist in the
yarn, which helps the fibres to hang together and the
important factor is the angle of twist. This is the angle
which the fibres make with the long axis of the yarn.
However, it is more convenient to refer to the twist in
turns per centimetre.
As the amount of twist is increased in yarns they become
stronger as fibre slippage is lessened, but when maximum
strength has been reached, any further twisting tends
to weaken the yarn. However, it is not necessary for all
yarns to be twisted to the degree necessary to achieve
maximum strength. Some yarns are required with soft and
desirable characteristics requiring less twist, and thus
having a somewhat reduced strength. See Direction of twist. |
| YARN UNEVENNESS |
defects |
In textiles, variation
in the linear density of a continuous strand or portion
of a strand |
In textiles, variation
in the linear density of a continuous strand or portion
of a strand. See also Coefficient of variation unevenness
and Mean deviation unevenness. |
| YELLOWING |
processes, operations |
The yellow discoloration
that may develop on textile materials |
The yellow discoloration
that may develop on textile materials during processing,
use, or storage. |
| YOLK |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
The oily fat surrounding
the wool fibre in sheep |
The oily fat surrounding
the wool fibre in sheep, composed largely of wool fat,
or lanolin, plus dried perspiration or suint. |
| YORKSHIRE TWEED |
fabrics |
A fabric made of
reworked wool, low-grade wool, or a mixture of wool and
cotton, in imitation of Tweed. |
A fabric made of
reworked wool, low-grade wool, or a mixture of wool and
cotton, in imitation of Tweed. |
| YUZEN |
processes, operations |
A secret Japanese
process of dyeing a painted fabric in which fidelity of
pattern, boldness of line, and rich colouring is retained. |
A secret Japanese
process of dyeing a painted fabric in which fidelity of
pattern, boldness of line, and rich colouring is retained.
Habutai, silk crêpe and velvet are examples of fabrics
used. |
| YUZEN BIRODO |
fabrics |
A velvet fabric
made by applying the yuzen process and then cutting away
the pile with a small, sharp chisel |
A velvet fabric
made by applying the yuzen process and then cutting away
the pile with a small, sharp chisel, cutting the strong
lines and shadows deeply and the delicate portions lightly. |
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