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Home > Online Textile Dictionary
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|
Word
|
Category
|
Short
description
|
Description
|
| VALUE OF COLOUR |
general |
The luminosity
or lightness or darkness of a colour. |
The luminosity
or lightness or darkness of a colour. |
| VANE |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
In feathers, the
section that consists of a solid, stiff collection of
barbs, |
In feathers, the
section that consists of a solid, stiff collection of
barbs, as distinguished from the section near the quill
point that has soft, fluffy barbs. |
| VANISHING STRIPES |
fabrics |
Woven broken-stripe
patterns |
Woven broken-stripe
patterns in which the coloured yarns appear alternately
on the face of and back of the fabric. |
| VARIGATED YARN |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
A multicoloured
yarn commonly produced by printing. |
A multicoloured
yarn commonly produced by printing. |
| VAT DYES |
³ |
These are water-insoluble
dyes, usually containing keto groups |
These are water-insoluble
dyes, usually containing keto groups, which are normally
applied to the fibre from an alkaline aqueous solution
of the reduced enol (leuco) form, which is subsequently
oxidized in the fibre to the insoluble form. Considered
to be the most resistant dyes to both washing and sunlight.
Vat dyes are suitable for cotton, linen, viscose rayon,
and cuprammonium rayon fibres, suitable for wool, and
silk fibres, but the usage is now declining and not suitable
for cellulose triacetate fibres, except in fibre blends. |
| VEGETABLE DYE |
³ |
A class of natural
dyes |
A class of natural
dyes such as madder, indigo, which are obtained from vegetable
matter. Roots, bark, berries, etc. are the source of some
of the oldest known dyes. |
| VEGETABLE FIBRES |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
Fibres of vegetable
origin. |
Fibres of vegetable
origin. They are composed mainly of cellulose, and number
in the hundreds, e.g. cotton, linen, Sisal, Coir, etc. |
| VEGETABLE SILK |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
A lustrous seed
hair |
A lustrous seed
hair obtained from the seed pods of many species of plants
and trees. Common commercial varieties are kapok and milkweed
fibre. |
| VEILING |
fabrics |
A large variety
of gauze-like materials used for veils, |
A large variety
of gauze-like materials used for veils, usually net, made
from silk, acetate, viscose, nylon. May be woven, netted,
knit or produced like lace. Styles are plain, embroidered
or ornamented with elaborate patterns. |
| VEINING |
processes, operations |
A striped gauze
effect in a fabric |
A striped gauze
effect in a fabric produced by omitting one or more ends
in the weave. |
| VELLUM |
fabrics |
A fine, very transparent
cotton fabric |
1. A fine, very
transparent cotton fabric used as a tracing cloth. 2.
A print cloth orsheeting fabric, piece dyed before it
is milled it is glazed on both sides and embossed. |
| VELOUR FINISH |
processes, operations |
A napped finish
applied to woollen fabric |
A napped finish
applied to woollen fabric, producing a dense, erect and
even nap resembling velvet |
| VELOURS |
fabrics |
Loosely applied
to all types of fabric with nap or cut pile on one side |
Loosely applied
to all types of fabric with nap or cut pile on one side,
specifically, a cut pile cotton fabric similar to cotton
velvet but with a thicker pile. |
| VELVET |
fabrics |
A warp pile fabric,
made with two warps, a ground warp and a pile warp |
A warp pile fabric,
made with two warps, a ground warp and a pile warp. A
special weave construction causes loops to be formed in
the pile warp which stand upright and which can then be
cut. The cut ends of the pile yarn form the fabric surface.
It is woven with a warp pile and an additional yarn. In
production, wires are inserted to lift this yarn and then,
when withdrawn, there are loops, which are cut or not
according to the type of velvet being made. The backing
fabric, formed by the ground warp and the weft, holds
the loops in place. Velvet can be woven perfectly plain
or a figured design can be produced by forming pile patterns
on a flat ground, or by a contrast of cut and uncut loops,
or different heights of pile. In Panné velvet,
a design is produced by embossing or crushing a lustrous
pile in different directions. |
| VELVETEEN |
fabrics |
weft pile cotton
fabric made to resemble velvet. |
Very often this
name is given to velvet made from cotton, but strictly
speaking it refers to a weft pile cotton fabric made to
resemble velvet. |
| VENETIAN |
fabrics |
Highly lustrous
twill cloth originally made in Venice from silk. |
Highly lustrous
twill cloth originally made in Venice from silk. When
made in satin weave from wool, it is the fabric worn by
pilgrims to the Middle East. Venetian for men's suiting
is made from worsted yarn, but women's clothes can be
made from synthetic varieties, usually polyester. Expensive
in any fibre. Use usually confined to suits, skirts, trousers. |
| VENITIAN FINISH |
processes, operations |
Also called Roller
finish |
Also called Roller
finish. A process in which rollers engraved with fine |
| VESTING |
fabrics |
Any fabric used
for vests |
Any fabric used
for vests, especially heavyweight fancy silks or combinations
of silk and wool or cotton. This term covers a wide variety
of cloths used for men's fancy vests and other dress purposes,
including bedford cord, piqué and a variety of
fabrics with wovendobby figures, produced by extra warp
or weft, Jacquard weaves, etc. |
| VICTORIA SILK |
fabrics |
A petticoat fabric
of silk-and-wool which is guaranteed not to rustle. |
A petticoat fabric
of silk-and-wool which is guaranteed not to rustle.
VICUÑA I This is the finest, softeset and most
rare animal hair and makes the most expensive and luxurious
cloth there is. It is produced by the vicuña, the
smallest lama species, which lives wild at very high altitudes
in the Ades mountains mainly in Peru; the animal is threatened
with extinction. |
| VICUÑA FINISH |
processes, operations |
A finishing process
for worsted fabric |
A finishing process
for worsted fabric, which gives it the appearance of vicuna
fabric. The surface of the cloth is napped while damp
and then fully shrunk, producing a fine, short, erect
nap, totally obscuring the weave and yarns. |
| VINAL |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
A manufactured
fibre |
A manufactured
fibre in which the fibre-forming substance is any long
chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 50 % by weight
of vinyl alcohol units and in which the total of the vinyl
alcohol units and any one or more of the various acetal
units is at least 85% by weight of the fibre. |
| VINYLAL FIBRE |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
A range of manufactured
fibres |
A range of manufactured
fibres composed of synthetic linear macromolecules of
polyethenol (polyvinyl alcohol) of differing levels of
acetalization. |
| VINYON |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
A manufactured
fibre |
A manufactured
fibre in which the fibre-forming substance is any long
chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85 % by weight
of vinyl chloride units. |
| VIRGIN FIBRE |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
The terms 'virgin'
or 'new' as descriptive of any fibre |
The terms 'virgin'
or 'new' as descriptive of any fibre or part thereof,
shall not be used when the product or part so described
is not composed wholly of new or virgin fibre which has
never been reclaimed from any spun, woven, knitted, felted,
braided, bonded, or otherwise manufactured or used product. |
| VISCOSE FIBRE |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
One of the earliest
types of artificial silk |
One of the earliest
types of artificial silk. Regenerated cellulose fibre
obtained by the 'viscose process' for filament and discontinuous
fibre. The name viscose was derived from the word 'viscous'
referring to the sticky spinning solution, looking like
clear honey. The name 'rayon' was the first generic term
devised to replace 'artificial silk' but is now has almost
gone out of use, being replaced by 'viscose'. |
| VISIBLE LIGHT |
general |
Visible light is
only a small section of a much broader band of electromagnetic
radiation |
Light is a form
of electromagnetic radiation. Visible light is only a
small section of a much broader band of electromagnetic
radiation travelling as a wave motion. The electromagnetic
spectrum covers wavelengths from 10-5 nm (cosmic rays)
to wavelengths greater than 109 nm (radio waves). Within
this spectrum the only visible radiation is that within
the wave length range between 380 nm (ultra-violet) and
780 nm (red), each wavelength representing a different
hue. |
| VIYELLA |
fabrics |
Trade name describing
an old, established, classic fabric. |
Trade name describing
an old, established, classic fabric. However at times
the name Viyella is generically used. The fabric still
has the same composition as original, i.e. 55 % lamb's
wool and 45 % cotton, and it is a fine, soft, twill weave
material. Was first produced in 1893 in UK, and for a
long time was used almost exclusively for children's clothes,
babywear and nightwear. Later, it became a popular fabric
for blouses and shirts. Now, mostly due to improved designs,
it is used for top fashion clothes. |
| VOILE |
fabrics |
A light, fine sheer
fabric originally made from hard (high) twisted combed
cotton yarns in plain weave |
A light, fine sheer
fabric originally made from hard (high) twisted combed
cotton yarns in plain weave which give a crisp handle
to the fabric. Can be produced on plain, striped or printed
styles. Used for blouses and dresses. Can also be made
in man-made fibres. Cotton and also polyester with cotton,
produces a soft, comfortable, fabric used for blouses,
dresses, children's clothes and sometimes for men's shirts.
Voile is also made from silk. Wool voile is referred to
as Challis. |
| VOILE YARN |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
A special hard
twist yarn used for voile fabrics. |
A special hard
twist yarn used for voile fabrics. The twist varies, but
is more than regular twist and less than crêpe twist.
Cotton voile yarns are both single and two-ply, generally
1/50's and 1/100's, respectively. The two-ply twist is
given in the same direction as the twist in the single
yarn. |
| VOILETTE |
fabrics |
A machine made
French lace with powdered dots or fine trailing line designs |
A machine made
French lace with powdered dots or fine trailing line designs
on very fine mesh ground, embroidered along the edge with
a light floral pattern. |
| VULCANIZED FIBRE |
fibers, filaments,
yarns |
A cotton cellulose
material, layers of which are bonded by chemical treatment, |
A cotton cellulose
material, layers of which are bonded by chemical treatment,
thus producing a laminated plastic. Depending upon the
end use for which it is produced, this laminate can be
hard or soft. Its plastic properties permit it to be formed,
bent or drawn into intricate shapes without sacrificing
strength. In textiles, used for shuttles, in looms and
bobbins. |
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