Home | Contact Us   
 
 
Loading
 
 
Textile Dictionary
 
     
 
v
Word
Short description
Vaconne Velvet Patterned velvet made by burnt-out print process. The design is of velvet with background plain.
Vacus Hold Is when a container is taken and put through a larger x-ray machine to make sure that there is no unauthorized metal objects inside (something like the metal detector we walk through).
Vair Characteristics: Thought to be the fur of the squirrel, one of the most valuable furs of the middle ages.
Vajani A kind of pyjama, worn in Kutch and Saurashtra, often richly embroidered.
Val Lace See Valenciennes lace.
Valencia Vesting A fabric woven with a cotton binder warp and a silk figuring warp with a worsted weft. It is imitative of Spitalfields figured silks. Used mainly for waistcoats.
Valenciennes Lace Hand-made flat type of bobbin lace. Real Valenciennes is made only of linen thread, but cotton imitations are very common. The lace is typified by the ground fabric, either round mesh or diamond, and of the same thread as the decorative design.
Value of Colour 1. The amount of darkness or lightness in a colour.
2. The luminosity or lightness or darkness of a colour.
Value Scale A chart that shows the range of shades of one colour from light too dark.
Vandyke A wide collar with a deeply indented edge.
Vandyke Braid A ric-rac braid with points at the edges forming an acute angle.
Vandyke Edge A sharp-pointed, scallop edge made of lace or embroidery.
Vandyke Fabric See Single bar atlas fabric.
Vane In feathers, the section that consists of a solid, stiff collection of barbs, as distinguished from the section near the quill point that has soft, fluffy barbs.
Vanishing Stripes Woven broken-stripe patterns in which the coloured yarns appear alternately on the face of and back of the fabric.
Vanity A small handbag for toilet articles used by women.
Variable-cut Device An ancillary device on the crush-cutting type of converter (see converting), which cyclically varies the angle of approach of the tow to the cutting region in order to introduce a controlled variation of fibre length.
Variant A man-made fibre modified in polymer structure or by additive during its manufacture, hence changing the properties of the fibre.
Variegated 1. Showing diversity in the natural colour pattern by the use of different hues.
2. Having streaks, marks, or patches of different colours; distinguished or characterized by a variety of different colours.
Variegated Top Stitch A decorative stitching, typically on neckline and sleeves, which uses multi-coloured thread to allow for an attractive change in colour.
Varigated Wool 1. A wool staple with streaks of a variety of colours in the individual fibres.
2. Varicoloured wool produced intentionally through mixed lots of discoloured wool.
Varigated Yarn A multicoloured yarn commonly produced by printing.
Variline A trade name for random coloured nylon filament yarns.
Varipol Technique Method of knitting carpet constructions on a single knit latch needle machine. The pile yarn is placed between two yarns of the ground cloth and elongated pile stitches are formed through gripper elements.
Varnish Any protective coating of textile, light sensitive or otherwise.
Vascular Graft Graft such as blood vessels or heart valves.
Vat A tub, vessel or a tank used for dyeing.
Vat & Vat-Soluble Dyes These are the fastest dyes known to man; insoluble in water and made soluble by chemical reduction. They actually bond-in the colorant and are the most resistant of any types of light, dry-cleaning, sunlight, and washing. Has many applications on cotton, rayon, polyesters, etc. Vat dyes are used to colour awnings, bed linens, decorative fabrics, outerwear, sportswear, towelling, work clothes.
Vat Dye A water-insoluble dye, usually containing keto groups which is normally applied to the fibre from an alkaline aqueous solution of the reduced enol (leuco) form, and which is subsequently oxidized in the fibre to the insoluble form.
Vat Dyed Cloth dyed by the use of vat dyes, which are obtained through oxidation. Very fast in all respects. Vat dyeing may be considered to be a misnomer since fabric coloured with these dyes are piece dyed in the conventional manner.
Vat Dyeing Also called Tub Dyeing. The basic method for solid colour dyeing. Can use buckets, a bathtub, the washing machine or even plastic garbage pails. Needed are lukewarm water, around 105° F, soda ash to fix the dye, non-iodised salt and detergent as a pre-wash and after wash.
Vat Dyes
Dyestuffs with a high degree of fastness to light and washing. These are water-insoluble dyes, usually containing keto groups, which are normally applied to the fibre from an alkaline aqueous solution of the reduced enol (leuco) form, which is subsequently oxidized in the fibre to the insoluble form. Considered to be the most resistant dyes to both washing and sunlight.
Indigo is a vat dye. Synthetic sulphur-containing derivatives are termed ‘thioindigoid’ vat dyes. The other larger vat dye groups are termed ‘anthraquinonoid vats’. This broad classification is often used as the basis for classifying the dyes into two; the first being ‘indigoid and thioindigoid’ and the second being ‘anthraquinonoid’.
Vat dyes are suitable for cotton, linen, viscose rayon, and cuprammonium rayon fibres, suitable for wool, and silk fibres, but the usage is now declining and not suitable for cellulose triacetate fibres, except in fibre blends
V-back An open yoke coming to a ‘V’ shape midway down the bodice.
V-bed Knitting Machine A flat knitting machine with two linear needle beds inclined, facing one another at an approximate angle of 90°.
V-belt See Transmission belting.
V-belt Cord A high tensile strength yarn with low elongation. Used for transmission belts. It is highly twisted cabled or plied yarn. It is made of cotton or tyre-type viscose process rayon, nylon and polyester.
Vegetable Dye A class of natural dyes such as madder, indigo, which are obtained from vegetable matter. Roots, bark, berries, etc. are the source of some of the oldest known dyes.
Vegetable Fibres Fibres of vegetable origin. They are composed mainly of cellulose, and number in the hundreds. Some vegetable fibres are: Cotton, Kapok (from seed), Linen, Hemp, Jute, Ramie (from bast) Abaca, Cantala, Henequen, Istle, Maguey, Sisal (from leaf), Coir (from fruit) etc..
Vegetable Horse Hair A fibre obtained from the European dwarf fan palm chamaerops humilis. Used mainly for cushion stuffing.
Vegetable Matter In wool top, the pieces of burrs, seeds, shive, leaves, twigs, and grasses which have escaped removal in processing, also foreign vegetable fibres such as hemp, sisal, etc., if present.
Vegetable Matter Present In raw wool, the weight of vegetable matter base present in the raw wool adjusted to a moisture content of 12%, an alcohol-extractives content of 1.5%, and a mineral matter content of 0.5%.
Vegetable Silk A lustrous seed hair obtained from the seed pods of many species of plants and trees. Common commercial varieties are kapok and milkweed fibre.
Vegetable Starch A white, odourless, tasteless, granular or powdery, complex carbohydrate widely disseminated among plants. For commercial purposes made from corn, potatoes, rice, wheat, etc. It is insoluble in cold water and other common solvents, but when heated with water the granules burst and a viscous liquid is formed, which turns to jelly on cooling. Starches are one of the most important compounds used in sizing and finishing.
Vegetable Wool See Pine wool.
Veil A length of cloth worn by women as a covering for the head and shoulders and often for the face; specifically, the outer covering of a nun's headdress; a length of veiling or netting worn over the head or face or attached for protection or ornament to a hat or headdress. Traditionally worn by brides at weddings.
Veiled Wool A wool in which the fibres do not form distinct staples but overlap. Instead of being separate, various lengths or characters of staple become stuck to each other or mixed.
Veiling A large variety of gauze-like materials used for veils, usually net, made from silk, acetate, viscose, nylon. May be woven, netted, knit or produced like lace. Styles are plain, embroidered or ornamented with elaborate patterns.
Vein Fabric defect. An open place in the cloth caused by broken warp.
Veining A striped gauze effect in a fabric produced by omitting one or more ends in the weave.
Velcro Trade name for fastening tape, which depends on the adherence of hook-like nylon pile fabric to an opposing nylon pile. Used in place of snaps, hooks and eyes, and buttons at waistband, front and back of garment closings.
Vellum 1. A fine, very transparent cotton fabric used as a tracing cloth.
2. A print cloth or sheeting fabric, piece dyed before it is milled it is glazed on both sides and embossed.
Velon A registered trademark polyvinyl chloride filament made by the Firestone Tire & Rubber Company, Inc. Uses are for screen cloth, draperies, luggage, outdoor furniture, shoes, upholstery.
Velour 1. A term loosely applied to cut pile cloths in general; also to fabrics with a fine raised finish.
2. A cut pile cotton fabric comparable with cotton velvet but with a greater and denser pile.
3. A staple, high-grade woollen fabric, which has a close, fine, dense, erect, and even nap, which provides a soft, pleasing hand.
4. A popular knit fabric similar to woven velour in properties, especially in hand. Ideal for men's, women's and children's wear
Velour Finish A napped finish applied to woollen fabric, producing a dense, erect and even nap resembling velvet.
Velour, Woven 1. A heavy pile fabric, with the pile laid in a single direction.
2. A napped-surface woven fabric or felt in which the surface fibres are laid in a single direction to present a smooth appearance.
3. A terry fabric that has had the tops of the loops cut off in a process subsequent to weaving. It is also known as ‘cropped terry pile’ and ‘sheared terry pile’..
Velours 1. A French word meaning velvet derived from the Latin vellosus, meaning hairy. Similar to Plush.
2. Loosely applied to all types of fabric with nap or cut pile on one side, specifically, a cut pile cotton fabric similar to cotton velvet but with a thicker pile.
Velure Traditional name for a type of original velvet; also a fabric resembling velvet.
Velveret 1. A cotton velvet often made in a rib effect or printed. Commonly made wide.
2. Sometimes refers to velveteen made with a six-harness plain back.
Velvet A warp pile fabric, made with two warps, a ground warp and a pile warp. A special weave construction causes loops to be formed in the pile warp which stand upright and which can then be cut. The cut ends of the pile yarn form the fabric surface. It is woven with a warp pile and an additional yarn. In production, wires are inserted to lift this yarn and then, when withdrawn, there are loops, which are cut or not according to the type of velvet being made. The backing fabric, formed by the ground warp and the weft, holds the loops in place.
Velvet can be woven perfectly plain or a figured design can be produced by forming pile patterns on a flat ground, or by a contrast of cut and uncut loops, or different heights of pile. In Panné velvet, a design is produced by embossing or crushing a lustrous pile in different directions.
The term velvet refers to the construction of fabric and should not be associated with any particular fibre because velvet is made in a wide range of weights in a wide range of fibres, both natural and man-made. Usually lustrous fibres are used for the pile; the ground yarns can be completely different, silk, mohair, rayon, nylon, cotton (usually mercerised) are all used and fabrics of weights suitable for curtains, upholstery and dresses are made.
Generally speaking velvet is an expensive fabric, particularly the fine lightweight types of dress velvet such as Ring velvet and Chiffon velvet. It is essential that the pile should be fine and dense and firmly bound into the ground fabric. Ordinary velvet produces a ‘U’ construction, i.e. the loops are bound by only a single weft yarn, or two weft yarns. In the best quality construction the pile is bound by three separate weft yarns and the tufts of pile show a ‘W’ formation if they are pulled out of the fabric - this can easily be done by pulling weft yarns out. The ‘W’ pile is much more firmly bound and will be more durable and less likely to shed.
Velvet is a one-way fabric, so care is taken that the pile runs in the same direction throughout a garment. The direction of pile can sometimes be felt by running the finger tips lightly in the warp direction both ways but often a smooth and rough sensation cannot be perceived, so great care is necessary.
Is identified as a cloth with a pile of no more than 3mm. in length. Velvet fabrics dye truly; all are rich and attractive. Used for all types of special clothes for men, women and children and there are also special furnishing velvets. There are many types of velvet: bagheera, brocade, chiffon, ciselé, embossed, façonné, figured, genoa, lyons, mirror, panne, terry, transparent and utrecht.
Velvet Satin A satin weave is used as the base for this luxurious figured silk, made with a cut pile effect. Used for coats, cloaks, capes and winter suits for women.
Velvet, Double Two fabrics are woven, one on top of the other, in this plan. After the cloth is woven, a set of horizontal cutting blades cut the pile warp, thereby giving two distinct materials with cut-pile effect. There are usually eighteen blades in the cutting set-up.
Velvet, Transparent See Transparent velvet.
Velvet, Woven A cut warp-pile fabric, originally of silk, in which the cut ends of the fibres, form the surface of the fabric. This effect is produced:
1. From a pile warp lifted over wires and cut by a trevet;
2, From a pile warp lifted over wires which are withdrawn to cut the pile;
3. By weaving two fabrics face to face with the pile ends interchanging from one fabric to the other, the pile ends are cut by a knife while still in the loom, giving separate pieces of velvet.
Velveteen Very often this name is given to velvet made from cotton, but strictly speaking it refers to a weft pile cotton fabric made to resemble velvet. The surface is completely covered by the short-cut pile. A special weave is used in which one warp is interlaced with two wefts; a ground weft and a pile weft. The weave construction gives a tight ground structure of warps and ground weft and the pile weft forms long floats and an all-over pile effect is produced by cutting the pile ‘floats’. Made mostly from cotton and rayon. May be plain or printed and it varies in weight. The colours are good and equally attractive as velvet. Not difficult to sew is its main advantage.
Velveteens Clothing made of velveteen, namely a clothing fabric usually of cotton in twill or plain weaves made a short close weft pile in imitation of velvet
Velvet-on-Velvet See Pile-on-pile.
Velvety A soft plush, dense, hand suggesting velvet.
Venetian Worsted, wool worsted and wool, cotton. 5 shaft satin, some in small repeat twill weaves, in cotton, 8 shaft satin (warp face). 2 ply warp and single filling. Clear finish. Has a very good lustre finish which resembles satin. Some has a slight nap. Wears well - similar cloth has worsted warp and woollen filling. In a good quality used for expensive suits for women and sports jackets for men. Also used for fine coatings for both men and women. In cotton, it resembles very heavy sateen and is used mostly for lining.
Venetian Fabric 1. A smooth-faced satin weave wool fabric, which has been cropped to reveal a fine diagonal twill
2. . Floral motifs and designs connected with picots or brides. The effect is irregular. Originally a Needlepoint lace, it is almost Guipure in style.
Venetian Lace Also called Venice lace or Venetian point. A needlepoint lace usually in a floral pattern with picot edgings.
Venetian Satin A type of warp-faced satin that is stronger than regular satin and heavier; each end floats over seven picks and interlaces with the eighth pick, producing a smooth surface with a slight twill-line effect to the right. It is tightly woven. Made of combed ply yarns and generally mercerised and schreinered for a high lustre. Originally this was of all cotton, but now it is made of blends of cotton and other fibres such as polyester and of all rayon yarns.
Venise A very fine damask table linen consisting of large floral patterns.
Venitian Embroidery A variety of cut work on linen fabric, batiste or net, outlined with buttonhole and other lace stitches.
Venitian Finish Also called Roller finish. A process in which rollers engraved with fine lines (as many as 200 per inch) are employed to impart a highly lustrous finish to fabric
Vent 1. A short opening or cut into the hem of a garment.
2. An opening in a garment to provide ventilation.
Vents, Front & Back Allow for breathability and may aid in ease of decoration, allowing the garment to be hooped and embroidered with no show-through on the inside of the garment. Some vents are tacked down and are for fashion purposes only.
Verdant Green in tint or colour.
Verel Trade name for a fibre of the polyacrylonitrile type, spun from a copolymer of undisclosed composition, in which acrylonitrile is probably the major component, being present to the extent of some 60%. By definition it is a modacrylic fibre.
Vermicular See Sablé ground.
Vermilion 1. A fine wool cloth dyed scarlet with natural dyes.
2. An obsolete term for the cochineal insect and also the dye obtained from it.
3. A variable colour averaging a vivid reddish orange.
Vertical Cutting Machine See Straight knife cutting machine.
Vertical Flame Test A test for determining flame resistance.
Vertical Lapping A process in which a web is fed downwards to form vertical layers alongside each other, thereby creating a corrugated structure (see also horizontal lapping).
Vertical Lines Fabric defect in knitted fabrics. Lengthwise marks also called a dogline (a dog is the mechanical element in a knitting machine). Grappling lines are commonly produced on interlock knitting machines and may be found on fabric made on a dog-equipped cylinder and dial machine..
Very Short Cotton Staple A term used in relation to cotton staple classes. Not more than three fourth of an inch in length. Coarse in texture. Used mainly as batting and wadding.
Vest I1. A man's sleeveless garment for the upper body usually worn under a suit coat; also, a similar garment for women; a protective usually sleeveless garment, as a life preserver, that extends to the waist; an insulated sleeveless waist-length garment often worn under or in place of a coat; a British sleeveless undershirt
2. An alternative term for a waistcoat.
Veste In the 17th and 18th centuries a man's garment worn under the Justaucorps, generally in rich material. Originally almost as long as the coat, the vest was gradually shortened and simplified until, in the middle of the reign of Louis XV, it became the waistcoat.
Vestee Dickey, especially one made to resemble a vest and worn under a cost; vest
Vesting Any fabric used for vests, especially heavyweight fancy silks or combinations of silk and wool or cotton. This term covers a wide variety of cloths used for men’s fancy vests and other dress purposes, including Bedford cord, piqué and a variety of fabrics with woven dobby figures, produced by extra warp or weft, Jacquard weaves, etc.

Vestment 		An outer garment, especially a robe of ceremony or office; [Plural] clothing, garb; an article of ceremonial attire worn by ecclesiastical officiants and assistants indicative of their rank and appropriate to the rite being celebrated
Vesture A covering garment, as a robe or vestment; clothing, apparel
Vibroscope
An instrument for measuring the mass per unit length of a fibre.
Vichy Plain weave cotton fabric. The weave of this fabric is formed of horizontal bands and vertical bands respectively in a light and strong variants of the same colour. Used mainly for dresses..
Victoria Sew-in See under Sew-in woven interfacing.
Victoria Silk A petticoat fabric of silk-and-wool which is guaranteed not to rustle.
Vicuña The undercoat hair of the vicuna, an animal of the llama group of the camel family. It produces a softer and finer fabric than can be obtained with any other wool or hair. Fleece is reddish brown, shading to white on the belly. Textile industry uses the fibres to manufacture the softest coat cloth in the world.
1. A French silk dress fabric made with ply warp, with eight ends and eight picks in a repeat, and given a lustrous finish.
2. A printed British cotton twill.
3. A ribbed British silk dress fabric made in the U.K.
4. A British term for black dress fabric made with cotton warp and alpaca weft in a seven-harness twill weaving four up, one down; one up one down.
5. Sometimes called Victoria lawn, it is stiffened cotton fabric and used as an interfacing.
Vicuña Finish A finishing process for worsted fabric, which gives it the appearance of vicuna fabric. The surface of the cloth is napped while damp and then fully shrunk, producing a fine, short, erect nap, totally obscuring the weave and yarns.
Vigoureux Printing See Mélange printing.
Viloft Trade name for a versatile viscose fibre, hollow when seen in cross section. Is soft, warm, absorbent and dyes well. Used in blends, mainly with polyester, and fabrics often resemble cotton. Made into knitted and woven fabrics and also pile and loop fabrics. Used for sportswear, underwear, towelling. Ribbed towelling and terry towelling. All fabrics wash easily. Bright Viloft is yarn dyed in very bright colours; the resulting fabrics have the appeal of mercerised cotton.
Vinaceous Of the colour wine, or a dark red.
Vinal
A manufactured fibre in which the fibre-forming substance is any long chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 50% by weight of vinyl alcohol units and in which the total of the vinyl alcohol units and any one or more of the various acetal units is at least 85% by weight of the fibre.
Vinal-Vinyon A new, very soft fibre, which is similar to acrylic. Has excellent flame retardency. Used mainly for children’s nightwear.
Vincel Trade name of a cellulose fibre, which closely resembles cotton, but is slightly weaker. Vincel (modal) is soft and absorbent and on its own is made into fabrics for nightwear, but can also be blended with other fibres, such as cotton, for additional body.
Vinyl Shortened version of Polyvinyl chloride.
Vinyl Chloride See Vinyon.
Vinylal Fibre A term used to describe fibres composed of synthetic linear macromolecules of polyethenol (poly vinyl alcohol) of differing levels of acetalisation.
Vinyl-coated Glass Yarn Glass continuous filament yarn, coated with a pigment and plasticised vinyl chloride resin..
Vinylon A generic term for polyvinyl alcohol fibres. Not made in the United States.
vinyon A manufactured fibre in which the fibre-forming substance is any long chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85 % by weight of vinyl chloride units.
Violaceous Of the colour violet.
Violet Any of a group of colours of reddish blue hue, low lightness, and medium saturation.
Virago Sleeves
Mid 17th century sleeves on female gowns and jackets that were paned and tied into a series of puffs.
Virgin Fibres The terms ‘virgin’ or ‘new’ as descriptive of any fibre or part thereof, shall not be used when the product or part so described is not composed wholly of new or virgin fibre which has never been reclaimed from any spun, woven, knitted, felted, braided, bonded, or otherwise manufactured or used product.
Virgin Wool Also called New wool. Fibre from the fleece of a sheep or lamb that has not previously been spun into yarn or felted, nor previously been incorporated into a finished product.
Virginia Cloth A coarse, inexpensive fabric used to be made of hemp or flax tow, sometimes mixed with cotton. Later it was made of cotton to better the quality.
Virid Vividly green; verdant.
Viridescent Slightly green; greenish.
Viridian A chrome green that is probably a hydrated oxide of chrome.
Viridity
The colour of grass or foliage.
Virtual Simulation of the real thing. Means the same as ‘almost’. You will see this term appear before various computer terms to indicate simulation technology that enables you to cross boundaries and experience something without needing it's physical presence, as in virtual sex, and virtual theme parks.
Viscose
Viscose, from cellulose, has many of the qualities of cotton, a natural cellulose fibre. Viscose is strong, extremely absorbent, comes in a variety of qualities and weights, and can be made to resemble natural fabrics. Viscose does not melt but burns at high temperatures.
Viscose drapes well, has a soft, silky hand, and has a smooth, napped, or bulky surface. Viscose will wrinkle and may stretch when wet and shrink when washed. Viscose can be washed and is also woven into heavy or light fabrics.
Washable viscose will state the care on the fabric label. Like silk, if you pre-wash rayon fabric prior to construction of the garment, you have a washable garment..
Viscose Embossed Satin Firm patterned satin for bridal wear but it does not drape well.
Viscose Fibre One of the earliest types of artificial silk. Regenerated cellulose fibre obtained by the ‘viscose process’ for filament and discontinuous fibre.
The name viscose was derived from the word ‘viscous’ referring to the sticky spinning solution, looking like clear honey. The name ‘rayon’ was the first generic term devised to replace ‘artificial silk’ but is now has almost gone out of use, being replaced by ‘viscose’.
It is produced in a wide range of thicknesses ranging from the fineness of natural silk to the thickness of coarse wool or hair. Is produced as continuous filament yarns, or in a wide range of staple lengths. Shaped filaments such as flat or ‘straw’ filaments can be produced for special purposes or decorative effects. Ordinary viscose is reasonably strong, between wool and cotton when dry and has reasonable elasticity. But in wet condition it loses strength by about half. Not resilient, crease easily and show some stiffness in drape. Soft, highly absorbent but inherently flammable. Fibre usually made from wood-pulp. Used alone and in blends with various other fibres, both natural and man-made. Due to its versatility, it is one of the most commonly used fibres. Viscose may be dope-dyed too.
Fibres include viscose rayon, cuprommonium rayon and saponified cellulose acetate.
Viscose Rayon One of the three types of rayon and that which is produced in the greatest quantity and diversity.
Viscosity The internal resistance to flow of a fluid. The unit of viscosity is the Pascal second. Note 1: the viscosity of a solution of a polymer is commonly expressed in one of the following ways: (a) Viscosity Ratio: the ratio of the viscosity of a solution to the viscosity of the pure solvent (formerly known as relative viscosity). (b) Specific Viscosity: the viscosity ratio less unity. (c) Limiting Viscosity Number: the value obtained by extrapolating, to zero concentration, the ratio of the specific viscosity of a solution to the concentration of the solute (formerly known as intrinsic viscosity). Note 2: some fluids such as size mixings exhibit anomalous viscosity effects and cannot therefore be characterized by a single measurement. The flow behaviour of a mixing is best described flow curve relating apparent viscosity to shearing stress. If the shearing stresses operative in sizing were known, then the apparent viscosity of the mixings at these stresses could be related to their sizing behaviour. Without this knowledge, measurements at some arbitrary stress have to be used: these are of value in characterising a particular type of size and can often be relate the take-up of size by the warp.
Visible Absorption Spectrum The curve relating the absorption of light by a coloured substance (usually in solution) to the wavelength of the light.
Visible Light Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation. Visible light is only a small section of a much broader band of electromagnetic radiation travelling as a wave motion.
Visible Radiation Any radiant energy capable of causing a visual sensation.
Visor The front piece of a helmet, especially a movable upper piece; a projecting front of a cap for shading the eyes.
Visual Merchandising Presentation of a store and its merchandise in ways that will attract the attention of potential customers.
Visual Merchandising Guidelines A publication generated by the store, which discuss in detail how the store is set up, ranging from what type of fixtures to use in each area, use of store logo to distance of shelves from each other.
Visual Plan An actual photograph, a hand drawn illustration or graphic presentation of a display.
Vitelline Vividly green; verdant.
Vivyon This is a non-toxic fibre with a high resistance to chemicals. It softens at low temperatures.
Viyella A blend of 55% wool and 45% cotton. Twill weave. Has the appearance of very fine flannel. It is soft, fine, and warm. Holds a good pleat. Washable by machine. If made up in a slim skirt for women, should be underlined, as it has not much body. Excellent for all kinds of children's and baby's wear, sportswear, men's and women's tailored shirts and dresses.
Viyella Pure Wool This fabric, has been introduced by the manufacturers of Viyella challis and Viyella pure cotton. Used for skirts and blouses, it is produced in a range of checks, floral and Persian designs, also coordinated plains and prints.
Vizard A face mask worn by ladies in the 17th century to protect their faces from the weather or even indoors. See also mask.
VM and SD Visual Merchandising and Space Design Magazine.
V-neck A garment, as a sweater, with a V-shaped neck.
V-neck Collar A collar on a jumper that dips at the front of the body into a V-shape. The length of the ‘V’ below the neckline can vary considerably.
Vocational Career Apparel Career apparel, which is generally subject to abusive wear and for which durability is a more important attribute than appearance.
Fabrics for vocational career apparel are usually categorized as follows:
1. Heavy weight fabrics, having weight (mass) of 270 g/m2 and above, for which the typical end-uses are: pants, jackets, lab coats, coveralls, etc.
2. Medium weight fabrics, having weight (mass) of 150 g/m2 and above but less than 270 g/m2, for which the typical end-uses are: shirts, smocks, aprons, lab coats, nurses’ dresses, etc.
3. Light weight fabrics, having weight (mass) below 150 g/m2, for which the typical end-uses are: light duty shirts, blouses, dresses, smocks, etc.
Vogue The prevailing fashion, practice, or style.
Voile A fine and soft sheer fabric used especially for women's summer clothing or curtains. Sheer and very light weight. Usually made with cylindrical combed yarns. To obtain a top quality fabric, very highly twisted yarns are used. Voile drapes and gathers very well. The clear surface is obtained by singeing away any fuzzy yarns. Has a hard finish and crisp, sometimes wiry hand. ‘Voile de Laine’ is wool voile. Use mainly for dresses, blouses, curtains.
Voile Marquisette Also called Sheer gabardine; an open-weave gabardine, often made of silk, showing the filling, is used mainly for dresses.
Voile Yarn A special hard twist yarn used for voile fabrics. The twist varies, but is more than regular twist and less than crêpe twist. Cotton voile yarns are both single and two-ply, generally 1/50’s and 1/100’s, respectively. The two-ply twist is given in the same direction as the twist in the single yarn.
Voilette A machine made French lace with powdered dots or fine trailing line designs on very fine mesh ground, embroidered along the edge with a light floral pattern.
Volatiles Materials readily vaporizable at relatively low temperatures.
Voucher A modelling term. Vouchers are supplied by the agency and carried by models. The voucher is signed by the client to attest to the fact that the booking took place. They are used by the agency to calculate the model’s earnings and the client’s billings.
V-patch A section of material in a V shape that is sewn onto a garment directly under the collarette. Can provide support against stretching the neck opening and is also a style component.
Vulcanisation An irreversible process, usually accomplished through the application of heat, during which a rubber compound through a change in its chemical structure (e.g. cross-linking) becomes less plastic and more resistant to swelling by organic liquids, and elastic properties are conferred, improved, or extended over a greater range of temperature.
Vulcanized Fibre A cotton cellulose material, layers of which are bonded by chemical treatment, thus producing a laminated plastic. Depending upon the end use for which it is produced, this laminate can be hard or soft. Its plastic properties permit it to be formed, bent or drawn into intricate shapes without sacrificing strength. In textiles, used for shuttles, in looms and bobbins.
V-waist See Basque waist.
 
For the complete description, mail marketing@resil.com
dictionary
 
     
 
   
Copyright © 2009 Resil Chemicals Private Limited. All rights reserved. Site designed and maintained by CBEYOND