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Home > Online Textile Dictionary

V
Word
Category
Short description
Description
VALUE OF COLOUR general The luminosity or lightness or darkness of a colour. The luminosity or lightness or darkness of a colour.
VANE fibers, filaments, yarns In feathers, the section that consists of a solid, stiff collection of barbs, In feathers, the section that consists of a solid, stiff collection of barbs, as distinguished from the section near the quill point that has soft, fluffy barbs.
VANISHING STRIPES fabrics Woven broken-stripe patterns Woven broken-stripe patterns in which the coloured yarns appear alternately on the face of and back of the fabric.
VARIGATED YARN fibers, filaments, yarns A multicoloured yarn commonly produced by printing. A multicoloured yarn commonly produced by printing.
VAT DYES ³ These are water-insoluble dyes, usually containing keto groups These are water-insoluble dyes, usually containing keto groups, which are normally applied to the fibre from an alkaline aqueous solution of the reduced enol (leuco) form, which is subsequently oxidized in the fibre to the insoluble form. Considered to be the most resistant dyes to both washing and sunlight.
Vat dyes are suitable for cotton, linen, viscose rayon, and cuprammonium rayon fibres, suitable for wool, and silk fibres, but the usage is now declining and not suitable for cellulose triacetate fibres, except in fibre blends.
VEGETABLE DYE ³ A class of natural dyes A class of natural dyes such as madder, indigo, which are obtained from vegetable matter. Roots, bark, berries, etc. are the source of some of the oldest known dyes.
VEGETABLE FIBRES fibers, filaments, yarns Fibres of vegetable origin. Fibres of vegetable origin. They are composed mainly of cellulose, and number in the hundreds, e.g. cotton, linen, Sisal, Coir, etc.
VEGETABLE SILK fibers, filaments, yarns A lustrous seed hair A lustrous seed hair obtained from the seed pods of many species of plants and trees. Common commercial varieties are kapok and milkweed fibre.
VEILING fabrics A large variety of gauze-like materials used for veils, A large variety of gauze-like materials used for veils, usually net, made from silk, acetate, viscose, nylon. May be woven, netted, knit or produced like lace. Styles are plain, embroidered or ornamented with elaborate patterns.
VEINING processes, operations A striped gauze effect in a fabric A striped gauze effect in a fabric produced by omitting one or more ends in the weave.
VELLUM fabrics A fine, very transparent cotton fabric 1. A fine, very transparent cotton fabric used as a tracing cloth. 2. A print cloth orsheeting fabric, piece dyed before it is milled it is glazed on both sides and embossed.
VELOUR FINISH processes, operations A napped finish applied to woollen fabric A napped finish applied to woollen fabric, producing a dense, erect and even nap resembling velvet
VELOURS fabrics Loosely applied to all types of fabric with nap or cut pile on one side Loosely applied to all types of fabric with nap or cut pile on one side, specifically, a cut pile cotton fabric similar to cotton velvet but with a thicker pile.
VELVET fabrics A warp pile fabric, made with two warps, a ground warp and a pile warp A warp pile fabric, made with two warps, a ground warp and a pile warp. A special weave construction causes loops to be formed in the pile warp which stand upright and which can then be cut. The cut ends of the pile yarn form the fabric surface. It is woven with a warp pile and an additional yarn. In production, wires are inserted to lift this yarn and then, when withdrawn, there are loops, which are cut or not according to the type of velvet being made. The backing fabric, formed by the ground warp and the weft, holds the loops in place. Velvet can be woven perfectly plain or a figured design can be produced by forming pile patterns on a flat ground, or by a contrast of cut and uncut loops, or different heights of pile. In Panné velvet, a design is produced by embossing or crushing a lustrous pile in different directions.
VELVETEEN fabrics weft pile cotton fabric made to resemble velvet. Very often this name is given to velvet made from cotton, but strictly speaking it refers to a weft pile cotton fabric made to resemble velvet.
VENETIAN fabrics Highly lustrous twill cloth originally made in Venice from silk. Highly lustrous twill cloth originally made in Venice from silk. When made in satin weave from wool, it is the fabric worn by pilgrims to the Middle East. Venetian for men's suiting is made from worsted yarn, but women's clothes can be made from synthetic varieties, usually polyester. Expensive in any fibre. Use usually confined to suits, skirts, trousers.
VENITIAN FINISH processes, operations Also called Roller finish Also called Roller finish. A process in which rollers engraved with fine
VESTING fabrics Any fabric used for vests Any fabric used for vests, especially heavyweight fancy silks or combinations of silk and wool or cotton. This term covers a wide variety of cloths used for men's fancy vests and other dress purposes, including bedford cord, piqué and a variety of fabrics with wovendobby figures, produced by extra warp or weft, Jacquard weaves, etc.
VICTORIA SILK fabrics A petticoat fabric of silk-and-wool which is guaranteed not to rustle. A petticoat fabric of silk-and-wool which is guaranteed not to rustle.
VICUÑA I This is the finest, softeset and most rare animal hair and makes the most expensive and luxurious cloth there is. It is produced by the vicuña, the smallest lama species, which lives wild at very high altitudes in the Ades mountains mainly in Peru; the animal is threatened with extinction.
VICUÑA FINISH processes, operations A finishing process for worsted fabric A finishing process for worsted fabric, which gives it the appearance of vicuna fabric. The surface of the cloth is napped while damp and then fully shrunk, producing a fine, short, erect nap, totally obscuring the weave and yarns.
VINAL fibers, filaments, yarns A manufactured fibre A manufactured fibre in which the fibre-forming substance is any long chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 50 % by weight of vinyl alcohol units and in which the total of the vinyl alcohol units and any one or more of the various acetal units is at least 85% by weight of the fibre.
VINYLAL FIBRE fibers, filaments, yarns A range of manufactured fibres A range of manufactured fibres composed of synthetic linear macromolecules of polyethenol (polyvinyl alcohol) of differing levels of acetalization.
VINYON fibers, filaments, yarns A manufactured fibre A manufactured fibre in which the fibre-forming substance is any long chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85 % by weight of vinyl chloride units.
VIRGIN FIBRE fibers, filaments, yarns The terms 'virgin' or 'new' as descriptive of any fibre The terms 'virgin' or 'new' as descriptive of any fibre or part thereof, shall not be used when the product or part so described is not composed wholly of new or virgin fibre which has never been reclaimed from any spun, woven, knitted, felted, braided, bonded, or otherwise manufactured or used product.
VISCOSE FIBRE fibers, filaments, yarns One of the earliest types of artificial silk One of the earliest types of artificial silk. Regenerated cellulose fibre obtained by the 'viscose process' for filament and discontinuous fibre. The name viscose was derived from the word 'viscous' referring to the sticky spinning solution, looking like clear honey. The name 'rayon' was the first generic term devised to replace 'artificial silk' but is now has almost gone out of use, being replaced by 'viscose'.
VISIBLE LIGHT general Visible light is only a small section of a much broader band of electromagnetic radiation Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation. Visible light is only a small section of a much broader band of electromagnetic radiation travelling as a wave motion. The electromagnetic spectrum covers wavelengths from 10-5 nm (cosmic rays) to wavelengths greater than 109 nm (radio waves). Within this spectrum the only visible radiation is that within the wave length range between 380 nm (ultra-violet) and 780 nm (red), each wavelength representing a different hue.
VIYELLA fabrics Trade name describing an old, established, classic fabric. Trade name describing an old, established, classic fabric. However at times the name Viyella is generically used. The fabric still has the same composition as original, i.e. 55 % lamb's wool and 45 % cotton, and it is a fine, soft, twill weave material. Was first produced in 1893 in UK, and for a long time was used almost exclusively for children's clothes, babywear and nightwear. Later, it became a popular fabric for blouses and shirts. Now, mostly due to improved designs, it is used for top fashion clothes.
VOILE fabrics A light, fine sheer fabric originally made from hard (high) twisted combed cotton yarns in plain weave A light, fine sheer fabric originally made from hard (high) twisted combed cotton yarns in plain weave which give a crisp handle to the fabric. Can be produced on plain, striped or printed styles. Used for blouses and dresses. Can also be made in man-made fibres. Cotton and also polyester with cotton, produces a soft, comfortable, fabric used for blouses, dresses, children's clothes and sometimes for men's shirts. Voile is also made from silk. Wool voile is referred to as Challis.
VOILE YARN fibers, filaments, yarns A special hard twist yarn used for voile fabrics. A special hard twist yarn used for voile fabrics. The twist varies, but is more than regular twist and less than crêpe twist. Cotton voile yarns are both single and two-ply, generally 1/50's and 1/100's, respectively. The two-ply twist is given in the same direction as the twist in the single yarn.
VOILETTE fabrics A machine made French lace with powdered dots or fine trailing line designs A machine made French lace with powdered dots or fine trailing line designs on very fine mesh ground, embroidered along the edge with a light floral pattern.
VULCANIZED FIBRE fibers, filaments, yarns A cotton cellulose material, layers of which are bonded by chemical treatment, A cotton cellulose material, layers of which are bonded by chemical treatment, thus producing a laminated plastic. Depending upon the end use for which it is produced, this laminate can be hard or soft. Its plastic properties permit it to be formed, bent or drawn into intricate shapes without sacrificing strength. In textiles, used for shuttles, in looms and bobbins.

 

Last updated: October 2005 by CBEYOND.
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