| RABBIT HAIR CLOTH |
A fabric in which
rabbit's hair is used in combination with other fibers
to give the material a soft, smooth hand. |
| RACCROC STITCH |
A stitch used in
lace making to join separately made pieces together into
a larger piece. |
| RACE |
The cut filling
floats of pile that run warpwise in corduroy and velveteen. |
| RACK |
In warp knitting,
a unit of length measure consisting of 480 courses. |
| RACKED STITCH |
In weft knitting,
a sideways-deflected stitch |
| RACKING |
The movement of
one knitting bed of a rib or purl knitting machine relative
to the other |
| RADDLE |
A mechanical device
for spreading the warps evenly as they are wound onto
the beam. |
| RADIANT ENERGY |
Energy traveling
through space in the form of photons or electromagnetic
waves of various lengths. |
| RADIO |
A soft, lustrous,
sheer silk fabric |
| RADIO FREQUENCY
HEATING |
The use of dielectric
for heating. |
| RADIO PUNCHWORK |
Openwork embroidery
made with round designs. |
| RADIUM |
Plain-weave lustrous
fabric |
| RAFFIA |
A fiber obtained
from the leaves of the raffia palm 'raphia ruffia'. |
| RAG PULLING |
The reducing of
wastes, threads, and fabrics to fibrous form |
| RAG RUG |
A rug made with
a weft of rags of cotton or wool torn into strips and
tied sewed together at the ends. |
| RAGLAN SLEEVE |
A sleeve with the
armhole line extending from the front and back scye to
the neck point |
| RAGS |
Shabby or tattered
clothing, torn pieces of cloth. |
| RAILWAY STITCH |
Same as Chain stitch. |
| RAIN GROWN COTTON |
Cotton grown under
conditions of natural rainfall. |
| RAIN TEST |
A standard method
to measure the resistance of fabrics to the penetration
of rain. |
| RAINBOW EFFECT |
An effect produced
in calico printing by shading the different colored fields
into each other. |
| RAINBOW YARNS |
Novelty yarns made
in an ombré effect. |
| RAINBOWING |
The use of divided
color-box in block printing |
| RAINCOAT FABRIC |
See Proofed poplin. |
| RAISED BACKS |
A general term
for fabrics with nap raised on the back |
| RAISED CHECKS |
A fabric figured
with extra warp on a plain ground. |
| RAISED COLORS |
A printing term
for colors which are treated after printing |
| RAISED EMBROIDERY |
Needlework with
raised patterns done in satin stitch over padding. |
| RAISED FABRIC |
See Napped fabric. |
| RAISED FIBER SURFACE |
In textile fabrics,
intentionally lifted fibers or yarns such as pile, napped,
tufted, flocked, or similar surfaces. |
| RAISED JERSEY |
Term used to describe
a medium-weight knit fabric of fairly open texture, that
has been brushed on the right side to add warmth and give
an attractive fuzzy effect. |
| RAISED POINT |
A needlepoint lace
with a padded motif to make it stand in relief. |
| RAISING |
See Napping. |
| RAISING PLAINS |
A plain weave cotton
fabric made with hard spun warp and coarse, soft spun
filling. |
| RAJAH |
Soft, strong, plain
weave silk fabric with rough texture. |
| RAMBOUILLET |
Wool fiber from
a breed, which is of the largest and the strongest bodied
wool sheep |
| RAMIE |
yarn. Also known
as China-grass, Rhea. It a strong, vegetable bast fiber. |
| RANDOM DYEING |
A method of dyeing
yarn |
| RANDOM LINKING |
Linking in which,
when stitching pieces of fabric together, no attempt is
made to stitch through adjacent loops. |
| RANDOM RANGE |
See Pattern blanket. |
| RANDOM SAMPLING |
The process of
selecting units for a sample of size 'n' |
| RANDOM SHEAR |
The pile of a rug
which has been cut (sheared) so that the pile is in varied,
random lengths. |
| RANDOM SLUB |
A slub yarn with
the thick places in a variety of lengths and thicknesses
and distributed at random in the yarn |
| RANDOM WINDING |
A method of winding
cones and cheeses |
| RANDOM YARN |
A novelty yarn |
| RAPID AGER |
See under Ageing. |
| RAPIER |
A device for inserting
filling |
| RAPIER LOOM |
See under Shuttleless
looms. |
| RAS |
A general term
in French used for plain weave solid colored fabric made
with nap |
| RASCHEL KNIT |
Name of this type
of knitted fabric derived from the name of the machine
on which this is produced. The Raschel machine uses latch
needles set in a vertical plane |
| RASMUSSEN PROCESS |
A technique of
making a bonded-fiber fabric |
| RAT-TAIL CORD |
Also called American
cord |
| RATCHET LOCK SLIDER |
In zippers, a slider
with a locking mechanism |
| RATE OF DYEING |
The rate at which
a dye is absorbed |
| RATINÉ |
French word meaning
'fuzzy'. A rough, pebbly woolen fabric made of novelty
yarns with a fancy twist, and similar in finished appearance
to Chinchilla. |
| RATINÉ LACE |
Machine-made lace,
the groundwork of which consists of heavy loops rather
than mesh. |
| RATINÉ YARN |
A curly knotty
plied yarn |
| RATING |
A quantitative
or qualitative scale for evaluation of a specific property. |
| RAVEL COURSES |
See Roving courses. |
| RAVELING |
A loose yarn that
has been partially or wholly detached from a cloth. |
| RAVENSDUCK |
A very heavy linen
fabric in 2/1 twill weaves, such as a sailcloth. |
| RAW |
textile materials
in their natural state. |
| RAW COTTON |
Ginned lint that
has not been subjected to any textile manufacturing process. |
| RAW EDGE |
Unfinished edge
of a fabric, which may ravel. |
| RAW SEAM |
A visible line
made by joining two parts of a fabric |
| RAW SILK |
Continuous filaments
or strands containing no twist, |
| RAW STOCK |
Unprocessed fiber
in the natural state. |
| RAW STOCK DYEING |
The process of
dyeing fibers in a mass before spinning or weaving. |
| RAW WOOL |
Wool or hair of
the sheep in the grease, pulled, or scoured state. |
| RAWKINESS |
Streakiness in
a fabric |
| RAYLEIGH |
Irregular bars
in guipure lace |
| RAYON FIBER |
The earliest man-made
fiber, from cellulose such as wood or cotton. |
| RAYON FIBRE |
man-made fiber,
from cellulose such as wood or cotton |
| RAYON STAPLE |
Short rayon fiber
of spinnable length manufactured directly or by cutting
large groups of continuous filaments. |
| RAYON STRAW |
A ribbon-like filament
of viscose rayon. |
| RAYON TOW |
A tow composed
of parallel filaments of continuous lengths |
| RAYON-HP |
High performance,
or improved kinds of rayon. |
| RAZ |
Solid colored wool
serge |
| RE |
See Residual Elongation. |
| RE-ANIMALIZING |
A process which
was used for weighting silk |
| RE-EMBROIDERED
LACE |
Flat lace that
has been re-worked with another intricate design using
a variety of threads. |
| REACTION SPINNING |
A process of fiber
production |
| REACTIVE DYES |
These are dyes
that, under suitable conditions, are capable of reacting
chemically with cellulose fibers. |
| REAVY YARN |
A yarn made by
twisting together a single and two-ply yarn |
| RECESS SHEARING |
See Hollow-cut
velveteen. |
| RECLAIMED TEXTILE
FIBERS |
A broad term which
includes: extract wool, mungo, noil, reprocessed wool,
reused wool, shoddy, etc. |
| RECLAIMED WOOL |
This broad term
implies wool obtained from various sources |
| RECLINING TWILL |
A twill weave |
| RECOMBING |
A second combing
of worsted tops for removing vegetable particles that
were not removed by the first combing. |
| RECOMMENDED ALLOWANCE |
The percentage
that, in the calculation of commercial mass of textile
material and of yarn linear density is added to the oven-dry
mass. |
| RECONSTITUTED FIBERS |
Fibers produced
from recovered waste polymer |
| RECOVERABLE ELONGATION |
In rope, elongation
which may be reclaimed after a period of relaxation. |
| RECOVERED WOOL |
SeeReused wool. |
| RECOVERY |
ability of a yarn
or fiber to return to its original length |
| RECYCLED WOOL |
The resulting fiber
when wool has been woven or felted into a wool product |
| REDEPOSITION |
The tendency of
soil, already removed from the fabric and being in suspension
to go back on the fabric, |
| REDOUBLING |
An operation combined
with 'doubling' that is necessary in making even, uniform
yarn. |
| REDUCTION |
In textile technology,
this term is confined to the removal of oxygen from a
substance, or the addition of hydrogen |
| REDUCTION CLEARING |
Removal of unfixed
dyestuff |
| REED |
In a loom, a comb-like
wired frame through which warp yarns pass. |
| REED GRATINGS |
Transparent plates
containing lines that are parallel and uniformly spaced
in the cross-wise direction. |
| REED MARK |
Fabric defect in
woven fabrics. |
| REED NUMBER |
The number of dents
per unit length of the reed. |
| REED OMBRÉ |
A woven ombré
effect produced in the reed |
| REED RAKE |
A defect in fabric
similar to a pin scratch. |
| REED WIDTH |
The width of the
warp as it lies in the loom prior to the weaving. |
| REEDINESS |
Fabric defect. |
| REEDING PLAN |
Also called Denting
plan, Sleying plan. |
| REEDY CLOTH |
A defective fabric
that shows reed marks. |
| REEDY WARP |
See Reed mark. |
| REEL |
See Hank. |
| REEL DYEING |
A form of open
box dyeing |
| REELED SILK |
Raw silk wound
directly from the cocoons into skeins |
| REELING |
The process of
unwinding raw silk from the unbroken cocoons, which have
been placed in hot water |
| REELING MACHINE |
Also called Hanking
machine. A revolving frame onto which a number of hanks
or skeins or reels of yarn are wound simultaneously. |
| REFINE |
A napped woolen
fabric of fine quality, mainly used for livery. |
| REFINISHING |
treatment, such
as steaming and pressing, given to a textile fabric |
| REFRACTION |
The deflection
from a straight path undergone by a light ray in passing
obliquely from one medium (as air) into another (as glass)
in which its velocity is different. |
| REFRACTIVE INDEX |
The ratio of the
velocity of radiation (as light) in the first of two media
to its velocity in the second as it passes from one into
the other. |
| REFURBISH |
To brighten or
freshen up and restore to wearability |
| REGAIN |
See Moisture regain. |
| REGATTA |
A striped cotton-type
fabric woven in 2/1 twill. |
| REGENERATED CELLULOSE
FIBERS |
See Rayon fiber,
Viscose fiber, Modal fiber and Cupro fiber. |
| REGENERATED FIBER |
See under Fiber. |
| REGENERATED PROTEIN
FIBERS |
Fibers made from
the protein of peanuts, maize, soya beans and milk |
| REGIMENTAL STRIPE |
A textile pattern
consisting of wide stripes of color different from the
ground of the fabric. |
| REGINA |
A fine cotton good
quality 2/1 twill weave fabric. |
| REGISTERING |
See Pitching |
| REGISTRATION |
The correct fitting
together of all areas and colors in a printed fabric |
| REGULAR FINISHES |
See Basic finishes
under Finish. |
| REGULAR TWILL |
A trade term for
a twill weave |
| REGULAR TWIST |
For cotton same
as 'Z' twist. |
| REINFORCED HOSIERY |
Hosiery with a
reinforced heel and toe knitted with an extra and sometimes
coarser yarn. |
| REINFORCED SEAM |
In sewn seams,
a seam that includes an additional layer of material |
| REINFORCED TWILLS |
Combinations of
regular twill and plain weaves. |
| REJECTION NUMBER |
In acceptance sampling,
the minimum number of nonconforming items in a sample |
| RELATED SHDES |
Colors of similar
tone in the same or different depths of color. |
| RELATIVE HUMIDITY |
The ratio of the
water vapour present in an atmosphere to the amount present
in a saturated atmosphere at the same temperature. |
| RELAXATION |
Releasing of strains
in textile materials. |
| RELAXATION DIMENSIONAL
CHANGE |
The dimensional
change that occurs when a fabric is immersed in water
without agitation |
| RELAXED STATE |
in knit fabric,
the dimensional state of a fabric when the forces within
the loop structure are in equilibrium |
| RELAXED YARN |
A filament yarn
of nylon or polyester which has been subjected to a yarn
relaxation treatment. |
| RELEASING SLIDER |
In zippers, a slider
with a mechanical means for loosening the slider on the
chain. |
| RELEASING STOP |
In zippers, a device
attached at or near the top of the stringer on the separable
pin side which limits the travel of the slider at the
open end of the chain under normal closing operations. |
| RELIEF FABRIC |
Also known as Blister
fabric and Cloqué fabric. A patterned rib-based
fabric, |
| RELIEF PRINTING |
A method in which
only the high parts of engraved plates are inked and printed |
| REMANUFACTURED
WOOL |
This is wool which
has been used or processed before, as opposed to 'virgin
wool' or 'pure new wool' which is wool being used for
the first time. |
| REMBRANDT RIB |
A knitted vertical-rib
effect in women's hosiery |
| REMNANTS |
In the marketing
of textile material, those accumulated short odd lengths
of cloth, remaining from original full-length piece. |
| RENAISSANCE CLOTH |
A French term for
fabric made from reclaimed wool. |
| RENAISSANCE LACE |
Motifs joined by
a variety of stitches. |
| REP |
See Repp. |
| REP STITCH |
A canvas stitch
that is worked vertically on double-thread canvas. |
| REPCO PROCESS |
See under False
twisting. |
| REPEAT |
IN WEAVING. A
pattern which is repeated in the fabric weave. |
| REPELLENT |
Possessing the
property of resistance. |
| REPOUSSÉ |
A hammered or pressed
pattern effect. |
| REPP |
Also called Rep.
Usually a heavy or medium fabric with a very prominently
pronounced rib. |
| REPPING |
Fabric defect. |
| REPRESENTATIVE
SAMPLE |
A sample taken
such that every individual in the parent population has
the same chance of being included in the sample |
| REPROCESSED WOOL |
Woolen fibers obtained
from existing knitted or woven garments |
| RESERVE DYEING |
Same as Resist
dyeing. |
| RESIDUAL DRAW RATIO |
See under Draw
ratio |
| RESIDUAL ELONGATION
(RE) |
In rope, the elongation
remaining after the rope has been stabilized at a designated
load level. |
| RESIDUAL SHRINKAGE |
The percentage
of shrinkage that remains in the fabric after it has been
subjected to a shrinking process. |
| RESIDUAL TORSION |
Revolutions made
by a specified length of cord when one end is held in
a flexed position and the other allowed to turn freely. |
| RESIDUE |
In plumage, quill
pith, quill fragments, trash, or foreign matter. |
| RESILIENCE |
That property of
a material by virtue of which it is able to do work against
restraining forces |
| RESIST DYEING |
Also called Reserve
dyeing. Yarns are treated with a resist dye, |
| RESIST STYLE |
The process by
which a pattern is produced by dyeing |
| RESIST STYLE PRINTING |
In this method
of printing, the pattern area is painted or stamped with
a 'resist' made from rice paste, clay or some type of
wax. |
| RESIST-DYED YARN |
Yarn that has been
treated with tannin, a mordant, etc. to repel the dyestuff
to be used. |
| RESISTANCE TO SPLITTING |
See Splitting resistance. |
| RESISTANCE TO YARN
SLIPPAGE |
The force required
to separate the parts of a standard seam by a specified
amount. |
| RESORPTION |
The process by
which a material that has given material by desorption
takes up some more of the material given. |
| RESTORATION FORCE |
The energy brought
to bear on a fabric to accomplish a dimensional restoration. |
| RESULTANT YARN
NUMBER |
The yarn number
based on the observed mass per unit length of a plied
yarn |
| RETAINER PIN |
In zippers, a tube-like
element, similar to the separable pin |
| RETEXTURING |
The passage of
an already textured yarn through a further texturing processes |
| RETICELLA LACE |
A very early type
of needlepoint lace. |
| RETTING |
The process of
decomposing woody and gummy matter |
| REUSED WOOL |
Also called Recovered
wool |
| REVERSE |
A coarse, loosely
woven, wool fabric with napped face, similar to flannel. |
| REVERSE BLEND |
Mostly used in
denim warp yarn. |
| REVERSE CRÊPE |
A fabric generally
of filament yarn, made with a crêpe yarn warp and
a flat yarn filling. |
| REVERSE JACQUARD |
A weft-knitted
rib-based fabric in which the design on the effect side
is reversed on the other side by alternation of the two
component threads between the two sides. |
| REVERSE KNIT |
A pattern area
of weft-knitted fabric with the reverse side outwards |
| REVERSE LOCKNIT |
A warp-knitted
fabric of two-bar construction made with full-set threading. |
| REVERSE PLATING |
Patterns created
in knit goods by controlling the feed of the yarns |
| REVERSE SIDE |
The side of a weft-knitted
fabric opposite to the effect side. |
| REVERSE TOE |
In hosiery, a form
of toe |
| REVERSE TWILL WEAVES |
Broken, pointed,
and similar twill weaves, |
| REVERSE TWIST |
Same as 'S' twist.
See also Direction of twist |
| REVERSE WELT |
See under Welt |
| REVERSIBLE BONDED
FABRIC |
A bonded double-faced
cloth construction in which two face fabrics are bonded
together so that either side can be used. |
| REVERSIBLE FABRIC |
A double-faced
fabric that can be used on either side |
| REVERSIBLE TWILLS |
A general term
for fine, high count, plied yarn fabric made with combed
cotton in an even-sided four-harness twill in which the
twill line runs from lower left to upper right. |
| REVOLVING SHUTTLE
BOX |
See Circular shuttle
box |
| REWETTING AGENT |
A surfactant which
find usage in textile preparation, dyeing and finishing. |
| REWORKED WOOL |
See Reprocessed
wool and Reused wool. |
| RF HEATING |
See Radio frequency
heating. |
| RHE (Rhe) |
The unit of fluidity;
the reciprocal of the unit of viscosity (the poise). |
| RHEA |
A fiber better
known as Ramie or China-grass. |
| RHYTHM CRÊPE |
Name given to a
fabric with regularly spaced puckering. |
| RIB |
Straight cord or
ridge running warpwise or weftwise in a fabric. |
| RIB FABRIC, WEFT-KNITTED |
A fabric in which
both back and face loops occur along the course, but in
which all the loops contained within any single wale are
of the same type, i.e. either face or back. |
| RIB FABRIC, WOVEN |
A fabric whose
surface consists of warp way (weft rib) or weftway (warp
rib) raised lines or ridges. |
| RIB GAITING |
See under Gating. |
| RIB JACQUARD |
A weft-knitted
patterned rib-based fabric, the surface of which is essentially
flat and exhibits a figure or design in differing color
or texture. |
| RIB KNITTTING MACHINE |
Same as Double
jersey knitting machine |
| RIB TRANSFER |
In knitting, the
process of transferring the loops of one course of a rib
fabric on to the needles of a plain machine in preparation
for plain knitting |
| RIB TRANSFER STITCH |
In weft-knitting,
a stitch made by the transfer of the loop from a needle
in one set to a needle in another set |
| RIB VELVET |
A rarely used name
for Corduroy. |
| RIB WEAVE |
A variation of
plain weave. |
| RIB WEFT KNITTED
FABRIC |
A construction
in which all the loops in any one wale are all the same,
either back loops or face loops |
| RIBBED HOSIERY |
A class of hosiery
produced on knitting machines employing the Rib stitch. |
| RIBBON |
A narrow fabric,
usually woven, and generally with a continuous filament
warp in a variety of styles for decorative and functional
uses. |
| RIBBON EMBROIDERED
LACE |
A very elaborate
fabric of lace background with matching narrow ribbon
crushed and stitched in scroll designs on the right side
of the lace. |
| RIBBON LOOM |
A machine for making
narrow fabrics. |
| RIBBONING |
See Winding pattern |
| RIBBONZINE |
Non-woven ribbon
made by binding silk or rayon warp with adhesive and finishing
with high luster. |
| RIC-RAC BRAID |
A flat braid made
by tensioning component threads differently so that the
fabric forms a zig-zag shape. |
| RICE |
See Swift |
| RICE BRAID |
A braid consisting
of a core yarn having alternately thick and thin places
entirely covered with fine yarn wound around |
| RICE CLOTH |
A plain weave,
cotton dress fabric made with hard spun warp and a fine,
nubby novelty yarn |
| RICE NET |
Woven of coarse
cotton thread stiffened by sizing and used as hat foundations. |
| RICE WEAVE |
A variation of
simple six-end and eight-end twill weaves formed by a
decortication method. |
| RICHELIEU |
An openwork fabric
made in imitation of hand embroidery of the same name. |
| RIDGED WEAVE |
Fabric defect.
A streak or mark in the direction of the filling, sometimes
visible at regular intervals in the woven cloth. |
| RIDGY CLOTH |
See Wavy cloth. |
| RIG |
To fold wide fabrics
in the center and wind on bolt or roll, |
| RIGGING |
The lengthways
folding of fabric so that the folded material is half
its original width. |
| RIGHT - HAND TWILL |
A twill weave
which produces a diagonal line |
| RIGHT SIDE |
See Face side. |
| RIGHT TWIST |
Same as 'Z' twist.
See under Direction of twist |
| RIGHT-HAND TWILL |
A twill weave which
produces a diagonal line or twill running from lower left
to upper right. |
| RIGID RAPIER |
A stiff rod-like
rapier used to insert filling. |
| RING |
Also called Denier
variation, Horizontal line, Yarn variation. Fabric defect
in hosiery. |
| RING BOBBIN |
A bobbin of yarn
as spun on a ring-spinning machine. |
| RING DOUBLING |
See Ring twisting |
| RING SPINNING |
A system of spinning |
| RING TUBE |
The yarn package
wound on ring tube in the spinning machine during ring
spinning. |
| RING TWISTING |
Also called Down
twisting. |
| RINGLESS |
Hosiery knitted
in such a way as to eliminate shadowy rings of color around
the leg |
| RINGS, KNITTING |
A defect characterized
by clouded or mottled area around a stocking |
| RINSE |
To cleanse an article
with water after washing. |
| RIP-OUT |
See Pick-out mark. |
| RIPE COTTON |
Fully mature cotton
that is particularly suitable for spinning into yarn. |
| RIPENESS |
See under Cotton
maturity |
| RIPENING |
A process employed
for stiff, wiry carpet wools to prepare them for carding. |
| RIPPED SELVEDGE |
See Cut selvedge. |
| RIPPING |
The operation of
removing cotton or man-made fiber linings from garments
prior to the sorting and classification of rags. |
| RIPPLE CLOTH |
Inexpensive, plain-weave,
medium weight, soft fabric |
| RIPPLE, WEFT-KNITTED |
WELT RIPPLE: A
held-loop fabric, made on two sets of needles |
| RIPPLING |
Combing process
for removing the leaves and seed |
| RISER |
In weaving, a filled-in
square on design paper which indicates lifting of an end. |
| RIVÈRE |
A French term for
openwork effect produced by embroidering over or drawing
together the threads left in a drawn work foundation. |
| ROAD MEMBRANE |
Any coarse, plain
weave, open cotton fabric used to reinforce asphalt surfaced
roads, airport runways, and ditches. |
| ROBIA VOILE |
Trade name of a
wide variety of voile fabrics |
| ROBOTICS |
The complete replacement
of human beings in a handling situation. |
| ROCK CORK |
A variety of asbestos |
| ROCK WOOL |
Wool-like fibers
made from molten slag or rock |
| ROCKET PACKAGE |
A large version
of a Super Cop |
| RODIER |
See Double piqué. |
| ROGUE'S YARN |
A colored strand
of worsted twisted in rope used by British navy. |
| ROLL WELT |
See under Welt. |
| ROLL-BOILING |
A comparatively
short potting treatment at the boil. |
| ROLLED LATEX |
A fine core thread
which, when covered with nylon, etc. is used for foundation
garments, bathing suits, etc. |
| ROLLED SEAM-FINISH |
A finish for the
raw edges of the seam allowances of a plain seam, in which
both raw edges are enclosed by rolling to one side and
hand stitching close to the seam line. |
| ROLLED SELVEDGE |
See Curled selvedge |
| ROLLER FINISH |
See Venetian finish. |
| ROLLER PRINTING |
Also called Cylinder
printing. A mechanical method of printing different colored
patterns on cloth |
| ROLLER ROCKER MACHINE |
See under Lace
Machines. |
| ROLLER-EMBOSSED
FILM |
A polymer film
that has been indented to induce easy splitting during
subsequent stretching. |
| ROLLING ROCKER
MACHINE |
See under Lace
machines. |
| ROLLING SELVEDGE |
Fabric defect.
Fabric has curled, buckled, or rolled-up selvedge. |
| ROMAINE |
A light weight
fabric having a dull lustre and crêpe texture. |
| ROMNEY ARSH |
The wool from this
hardy breed of sheep is not as long nor as lustrous as
Cotswold or Linocln wool, however it is denser finer. |
| ROOFING FELT |
A felted fabric
made of animal hair, coarse wool or asbestos treated with
tar or other suitable material and used for roofing. |
| ROPE |
An article of cordage
more than 4 mm in diameter obtained when (a) three or
more strands are laid or plaited together, or (b) a core
is covered by a braided or plastic film sheath. |
| ROPE BELTING |
A belting generally
made of cotton ropes formed by twisting four stands around
a central core; |
| ROPE FORM |
Cloth that has
been permitted to close in on itself, for convenience
in handling over open width. |
| ROPE MARK |
Fabric defect in
dyed or finished fabrics. |
| ROPING |
A term used for
roving in the woolen system of spinning. |
| ROPING YARN |
A yarn from which
a strand is produced. |
| ROSE-POINT LACE |
A Venetian needlepoint
lace with designs connected by a thick thread |
| ROT RESISTANCE |
Resistance to deterioration
of a textile material as a result of fungal growth in
or on it. |
| ROTARY KNIFE CUTTING
MACHINE |
A machine with
a circular rotating blade |
| ROTARY SCREEN PRINTING |
Printing from a
machine equipped with a set of cylindrical screens |
| ROTOR |
A machine part
in open-end spinning machine. |
| ROTOR SPINNING |
A method of open-end
spinning which uses a rotor (a high speed centrifuge) |
| ROUGH |
Fabric defect |
| ROUGH DRY |
Laundry that is
dried without smoothening or ironing. |
| ROUGH PLACE |
See Temple mark. |
| ROUGH SELVEDGE |
See Loopy selvedge. |
| ROUND HEEL |
A fully-fashioned
hose heel made by continuous knitting |
| ROUND NECK COLLAR |
A collar on a jumper
that encircles the lower part of the neck |
| ROUND TWILL |
A misnomer for
fabric with a rounded rib effect |
| ROVE |
In jute processing,
a continuous strand of spun-jute fiber having a spyndle
number of 50 or greater. |
| ROVING |
An indefinitely
long, loose assemblage of staple fibers, |
| ROVING COURSES |
In weft knitting.
Additional courses used in the manufacture of knitted
articles either as protective courses or to facilitate
handling in subsequent operations. |
| ROVINIG FRAME |
Any machine used
in yarn manufacture, particularly in the cotton system,
to reduce the size of the sliver to roving, even it, and
insert a slight amount of twist. |
| ROWDY |
Fabric defect.
The defect consist of streaks in the fabric. |
| ROWEY |
See Uneven surface |
| ROWS |
A term used in
reference to pile floor covering, for the average number
of tufts or loops per inch counted in the warpwise direction. |
| ROYAL RIB |
WOVEN. A plain
weave fabric with a warp-way rib produced by taped ends
and a high weft sett. |
| ROYAL TWILL |
A term used for
a two-ply silk warp |
| ROYLE |
A closely woven
silk fabric with horizontal ribs broken off at intervals, |
| RUBBER |
A material that
is capable of recovering from large deformations quickly
and forcibly |
| RUBBER CORE YARN |
A core yarn made
with a core of round or square cut filaments of rubber |
| RUBBER SHEETING |
A plain cotton
fabric with heavy coating of cured rubber on one or both
sides. |
| RUBBER THREAD COUNTS |
The size or number
of the thread depending on its cross-section |
| RUBBER, NATURAL |
A raw material
obtained from the sap (latex) of the rubber tree. |
| RUBBER, SYNTHTIC |
An elastomeric
substance which is synthesized from derivations of petroleum. |
| RUBBERIZED |
Fabric which is
impregnated with, or coated on one or both sides with,
rubber compound, |
| RUBBING |
See Crocking |
| RUBBING FASTNESS |
A method of measuring
the transfer of a colored fabric to a white cloth |
| RUCHE |
A narrow, woven
or knitted heading (see under Fringe), usually having
a very heavy multiple-thread weft passed through to form
a skirt (see Loop ruche), normally about 25 mm wide over-all |
| RUCHED FABRIC |
A warp-knitted,
three or four-bar fabric |
| RUFFLING |
A form of gathering |
| RUG |
Also called Mat. |
| RUG BACK |
That part of a
rug normally in contact with the floor. |
| RUG CUSHION |
A sponge rubber
or hair felt fabric placed under the rug |
| RUG WOOL |
A wool yarn, generally
woolen-spun, twisted six-fold |
| RUG, MAT |
A textile floorcovering
of predetermined shape and limited dimensions. |
| RUGGEDNESS TEST |
An experiment in
which environmental or test conditions are deliberately
varied to evaluate the effect of such variations. |
| RULING MILL |
In printing, a
small mill which has scale lines raised in relief on its
surface |
| RUN |
In the American
woolen system, the number of 1600 yard lengths of yarn
per pound |
| RUN PROOF |
The ability to
withstand runs. |
| RUN WOOL |
The number of 1600
yard hanks, of wool yarn in a pound. |
| RUN-IN RATIO |
The run-in ratio
is a very important characteristic of the seam. The ratio
between a given length of seam and the length of one of
the threads consumed in creating it. |
| RUN-OF-THE-LOOM |
Fabric ready for
shipment as it comes from the loom. |
| RUN-RESIST |
Numerous varieties
of run-resist constructions of knit fabrics are employed. |
| RUNNAGE |
Specific length
especially of cords and ropes. |
| RUNNER |
Fabric defect,
major, in knitted fabric. |
| RUNNING MARK |
See Rope mark. |
| RUNNING METRE/YARD |
One metre/yard
of cloth, regardless of width in which it is woven. |
| RUNNING STITCH |
A short, even,
and continuous hand-stitch, formed by passing the thread
through the material alternately from top to underside
and vice versa. |
| RUNNING YARD |
One yard (36 inches)
length of fabric regardless of width of the cloth. |
| RUNNING-ON |
The placing of
previously knitted loops, or a selvage, back onto the
needles of a knitting machine for the addition of a further
piece of knitting |
| RUPTURE |
The breaking or
tearing apart of a material. (Compare Failure.) |
| RUSSEL CORD |
A ribbed fabric
made with a cotton warp and worsted filling |
| RUSSIA BRAID |
Two or more adjacent
braids interlaced to form stripes. |
| RUSSIAN TWILL |
A fine twilled
wool dress fabric with a clear finish |
| RUSTY SILK |
Fabric defect. |
