| MACARONI YARN |
See under Hollow-filament
yarn. |
| MACCLESFIELD SILK |
High-textured,
hardwearing spin silk |
| MACE SNAG TEST |
A means of evaluating
the snagging performance of a fabric in its ultimate use. |
| MACHINE BARRÉ |
Also called Feeder
variation. Fabric defect. |
| MACHINE COTTON |
A term used in
the U.K. for cotton thread for sewing machines |
| MACHINE DRAW RATIO |
See under Draw
ratio. |
| MACHINE ENGRAVING |
See Mill engraving |
| MACHINE FINISHING |
See under Boarding. |
| MACHINE STOP |
Also called Heavy
colour. Printing defect. Excess colour smudged in a widthways
band. |
| MACHINE TWIST |
A thread processsed
for use on sewing machines. |
| MACHINE WASHABLE |
A textile article
that can be washed in a domestic washing machine |
| MACHINE-MADE |
An article that
is made entirely by machine |
| MACKINAC |
See Mackinaw. |
| MACKINAW |
Sometimes called
'mackinac', this is a heavy woollen fabric, heavily felted
and napped on both sides, so that no weave is apparent
on the surface. |
| MACKINTOSH |
A waterproof coating
no longer in use, which was named after its inventor. |
| MACO YARN |
A cotton yarn made
of natural coloured Egyptian staple fibre. |
| MACRAMÉ
LACE |
A revived craft
with modern application, this was originally a Spanish
knotted lace in geometric patterns, often with fringed
ends. |
| MACROMOLECULE |
A large molecule
formed by hooking together many small molecular units. |
| MADAPOLAM |
A bleached or dyed
plain cotton fabric with a soft finish in any of a wide
range of qualities used for ladies wear. |
| MADRAS COTTON |
Soft cotton fabric,
rather like gingham, but including more colors |
| MADRAS MUSLIN |
A gauze fabric
with an extra weft, which is bound into the gauze texture
in the figured parts and cut away elsewhere. |
| MADRAS SHIRTING |
Fine, lightweight,
and often colorful, cotton fabric of better quality than
Madras cotton. |
| MAGANANERIC |
A room or building
where silkworms are raised. |
| MAGAZINE |
A device capable
of holding many yarn packages. |
| MAGAZINE CREELING |
A special form
of creel in which the tail end of one package is tied
to the leading end of the next. |
| MAGAZINE LOOM |
A type of automatic
loom in which the loom takes the empty bobbin from the
shuttle and auto-matically replaces it with a new, full
bobbin into the same shuttle. |
| MAGNET-ROLL SYSTEM |
A method, used
in some screen printing machines |
| MAGYAR SLEEVE |
A sleeve which
is cut integrally with the body of the garment, the two
sections being joined from neck to wrist over the shoulder
and from side-seam to wrist. |
| MAIL CLOTH |
A highly finished,
heavyweight silk fabric woven in a honeycomb effect. |
| MAIL NET |
A net made in a
leno weave, which produces a mesh, which looks triangular. |
| MAIN SHAFT |
Most sewing machines
are belt driven and the driver pulley is attached to a
shaft in the machine. |
| MAINTENANCE |
See under Fibre
properties |
| MAJOR DEFECT |
See under Defect. |
| MAJOR DEFECTS IN
GARMENT |
See under Garment
defects. |
| MAKE |
A term applied
to the construction of fabric. |
| MAKE THROUGH |
The traditional
method of garment manufacture |
| MAKING-UP |
The conversion
of fabrics into garments. |
| MALABAR |
An Indian cotton
fabric made in very bright colours |
| MALBOROUGH |
A very smooth French
wool serge with small designs. |
| MALIMO |
A type of fabric
constructed and produced at great speed by using three
sets of yarns; warp yarns, weft yarns laid across the
warp, and a third system, which stitches them together. |
| MALINES |
One of the very
oldest types of fabric. |
| MALINO |
A strong, very
long leaf fibre obtained from the aloe plant in Hawaii. |
| MALMAL |
See Mulmul. |
| MALTESE |
A fine yellow silk
thread formerly used in England to secure gold threads
embroidery. |
| MALTESE EMBROIDERY |
Needlework consisting
of small tassels worked over a surface of heavy materials. |
| MALTESE LACE |
Similar to 'cluny
lace' in appearance, Maltese lace is heavy and often incorporates
regular wheel designs and squares. |
| MAMMAL |
A general term
used in India and China for fine, plain muslins. |
| MAN-MADE FIBRES |
Also called Manufactured
fibre. All fibres and filaments manufactured by man, as
distinct from the naturally occurring fibres. |
| MAN-MADE STAPLE
FIBRE |
Fibre of spinnable
length manufactured directly or by cutting filaments. |
| MANDREL |
In printing, a
supporting steel bar on which the engraved copper cylinder
runs. |
| MANDRENAQUE |
A Philippine fabric
made with a cotton warp and palm fibre weft. |
| MANDRIL |
Same as Mandrel. |
| MANGLE |
. A machine for
smoothening cloth by roller pressure. |
| MANILA HEMP |
Fibres from Manila
hemp ('musa textilis'), grown in the Philippines. |
| MANUFACTURE OF
MAN-MADE FIBRES |
There are three
basic techniques by which a man-made fibre can be produced,
but all three are variations on a single technique using
the spinneret |
| MANUFACTURED FIBRE |
See Man-made fibre |
| MANUFACTURER'S
TWIST |
A fibre, filament,
yarn or cord which has a slack twist |
| MAPLELEAF BRAID |
A woven narrow
fabric similar to Oakleaf braid, but with a maple leaf
pattern. |
| MARABOUT |
Delicate thin silk
fabric made from twisted raw silk |
| MARBLE SILK |
Soft lightweight
silk fabric with a mottled or marbled appearance |
| MARCELINE |
Also known as 'merceline'. |
| MARCELLA |
A fancy or figured
fabric of piqué structure. |
| MARENA |
See Collagen fibre. |
| MARINE COTTON |
A cotton fabric
made in Syria. |
| MARINE FIBRE |
A weak, brittle
fibre obtained from Poisdonia austrails, marine plant
found Australia. |
| MARINE STRIPES |
A calico shirting
of good quality, made with blue and white stripes of equal
width. |
| MARK OFF |
Fabric defect. |
| MARKER |
In garment manufacturing,
the representation or drawing of the final arrangement
of the patterns of the component parts of a garment or
garments in the form of a master plan for cutting, intended
to make the best use of the material. |
| MARKET BLEACH |
A trade term for
bleached, starched and calendered cotton fabrics, but
not dyed or printed. |
| MARKING COTTON |
A cotton embroidery
thread used for outlining, generally dyed blue or red. |
| MARKING STITCH |
Another name for
Cross-stitch. |
| MARKING THREAD |
A distinctively
coloured sewing thread, with a high fastness to washing,
bleaching and dry-cleaning solvents |
| MARKING-IN |
The process of
marking around the component garment patterns with chalk
or other means to indicate where fabric is to be cut. |
| MARL EFFECT YARN |
Two single, continuous
filament yarns, of different solid colours or dyeing properties
(subsequently dyed) doubled together. |
| MARLBOROUGH |
See Malborough. |
| MARLED YARN |
Also called Mottled
yarn. A marled yarn is produced by combining two slubbings
or rovings of different color or luster. |
| MARMOT |
Cheap fur from
a small rodent. |
| MAROCAIN |
A crêpe fabric
with a pronounced weftways rib |
| MARQUISE FINISH |
A high lustre finish
given to fine cotton satin fabrics. |
| MARQUISETTE |
WOVEN. An open,
loose fabric woven in a leno construction, sometimes with
spots or other de-signs included. |
| MARQUISETTE SEW-IN |
See under Sew-in
woven interfacing. |
| MARRIED FIBRE CLUMP |
A defect consisting
of a group of unopened coterminus crimped fibres. |
| MARRIED YARN |
See Spinners' double. |
| MARSEILLES |
A double-faced
cotton quilting made in plain Jacquard weave, with a raised,
woven pattern; named after the city in France. |
| MARSEILLES WEAVE |
The quilting design
used in vestings and other small patterned quilted fabrics. |
| MARTINIQUE ABUTILON |
A fine, lustrous,
creamy white fibre yielded form Abutilon auretum found
chiefly in Martinique. |
| MARVEL METER |
An electrical device
that counts the courses in a knitted fabric |
| MASI CLOTH |
I A fabric made
from the bark of the masi tree in the Fiji islands and
used locally. |
| MASS |
Quantity of matter
in body. |
| MASS COLOURATION |
Also called Dope
dyeing, Solution dyeing and Spun dyeing. |
| MASS PIGMENTATION |
A form of mass
colouration in which a pigment is used. |
| MAT |
See Rug. |
| MATCHING |
A comparison of
dyed samples of textiles of nominally the same colour. |
| MATCHINGS |
Wool that has been
sorted. |
| MATELASSÉ |
The word means
'quilted' in French. A pouching or quilted effect fabric,
it is a double or compound cloth, with a raised or puckered
design effect on the face caused by the reaction of different
shrinkages of face and back fabrics during finishing. |
| MATERIAL |
Substance, units,
parts of which an item is made. |
| MATKA |
An Indian fabric
made of spun silk. |
| MATRIX |
The form or mould
on which something is shaped. |
| MATRIX-FIBRIL |
A man-made fibre
composed of two or more chemically distinct components |
| MATT |
Textile where the
normal lustre has been reduced. |
| MATT JERSEY |
A jersey fabric
of almost any weight with a dull surface |
| MATT WEAVE |
See Basket weave |
| MATTING |
A great variety
of plaited or woven mats and similar articles made of
coir fibre, jute, straw. |
| MATURE FIBRE |
See under Cotton
maturity. |
| MATURITY INDEX |
A relative indication
of cotton fibre maturity. |
| MATURITY RATIO |
A method of expressing,
numerically, the maturity of a sample of cotton fibres. |
| MATURITY, COTTON |
See Cotton maturiy |
| MAUD |
Term has now fallen
into disuse |
| MAURITIUS FIBRE |
Also called Mauritius
hemp. |
| MAYO TWILL |
See Campbell twill |
| MAYPOLE PROCESS |
A process of braiding |
| MEALY |
Descriptive of
the appearance of a print or dyeing which shows small
irregularities, rather like oatmea |
| MEAN DEVIATION
UNEVENNESS, U% |
See also Unevenness
and Coefficient of variation unevenness. |
| MEASURE CUTTLE |
The cutting of
a garment to individual measurements. |
| MEASURES AND WEIGHTS |
Measures and weights
usually used in textile industry. |
| MEASURING DEVICE |
A machine used
to measure lengths of yarn or cloth as it passes through
the device. |
| MEATY COTON |
A clean cotton
with good spinning quality. |
| MECHANICAL FABRICS |
See Industrial
fabrics. |
| MECHANICAL FINISHING |
The process of
applying mechanical energy to textiles to impart functional
and/or aesthetic characteristics, e.g. shearing, calendering. |
| MECHANICAL STRETCH |
See Slack mercerization. |
| MECHLIN LACE |
Soft, filmy lace
in which even the denser decoration is filmy. |
| MECHLIN MACHINE |
See under Lace
machines |
| MED FIBRE |
A modulated animal
fibre |
| MEDALLION |
A single detached
motif design. |
| MEDALLION LACE |
Motifs are made
or cut from a piece of heavy lace and inserted into cloth.
Used in lingerie, table linen. |
| MEDIUM STAPLE COTTON |
Fibres 1 to 1½
inches long. |
| MEDIUM WOOLS |
Those wools which
average in length between long and short wools. |
| MEDULLA |
The central portion
of some animal fibres consisting of a series of cavities
formed by the medullary cells which collapse during the
growth process. |
| MEDULLATED FIBRE |
An animal fibre
that in its original state includes a medulla |
| MEISEN |
Plain-weave lightweight
Japanese silk fabric |
| MÉLANGE
PRINTING |
A printing process
in which bands of thickened dyepaste, with intervening
blank areas, are applied across slubbings of wool or other
fibres |
| MÉLANGE
YARN |
A yarn produced
by mélange printing of tops or slivers. |
| MELDABLE FIBRES |
See Hetrofil fibres |
| MELDED FABRIC |
A fabric consisting
wholly or in part of bicomponent fibres |
| MELROSE |
A double twill
fabric with a silk warp and a wool warp. |
| MELT BLLOWING |
A process in which
a polymer is melt-extruded through a die into a high velocity
stream of hot air which converts it into fine and relatively
short fibres. |
| MELT DYEING |
Colouring of man-made
fibres (yarn, tow, staple) by the use of pigments or insoluble
dyes into the polymer-melt or spinning solution before
extrusion. |
| MELT FRACTURE |
An unstable melt-spinning
condition |
| MELT METHOD |
See under Manufacture
of man-made fibres. |
| MELT SPINNING |
The fibre-forming
material may be rendered liquid by heating it until it
melts. |
| MELTON |
Firm medium weight
wool fabric in a close plain weave, with a short dense
non-directional nap. |
| MELTONNETTE |
A lightweight fabric
which resembles melton cloth, and is used for women's
wear. |
| MEMORY |
A cured fabric's
ability to retain, or return to, the shape or condition
it was in at the time of curing. |
| MENDING |
Also called Darning. |
| MERCELINE |
Same as Marceline. |
| MERCERISED FINISH |
See Mercerization. |
| MERCERISED STRIPE |
A fabric, generally
a cotton shirting or dress fabric, which contains, stripes
of mercerized yarn against a background of ordinary cotton. |
| MERCERISED WOOL |
A wool treated
with a solution of caustic soda to destroy the felting
property. |
| MERCERIZATION |
A treatment for
irreversibly and remarkably altering the physical characteristics
and appearance of cellulosic textiles in yarn or fabric
form. |
| MERCHANDISE |
In textile, any
finished soft goods ready for consumer purchase. |
| MERINO |
Wool from purebred
merino sheep; the most important wool producing type of
sheep, mostly from Australia and South Africa. |
| MERINO EXTRAFINE
WOOL |
A highly refined
and superbly soft yarn. |
| MESH |
Netting fabrics,
plain and printed, with holes from 3 mm to 1 cm. Some
are made from cotton, others from polyester. Used for
tops and vests |
| MESSALINE |
Named after Empress
Messalina, a connoisseur of this type silk. It is a lustrous,
soft, silky fabric in a satin weave, usually in plain
colours. |
| MESTA |
See Kenaf. |
| META-CHROME DYEING |
A single-bath method
of dyeing in which the fibre is treated in a dyebath containing
a suitable chrome dye together with a chromate |
| METAL CLOTH |
A decorative fabric
with a silk or cotton warp and gold, silver, aluminium
or copper filing yarns. |
| METAL EMBROIDERED
LACE |
A lace fabric as
base, usually of viscose, with embroidery worked in nylon
and metal yarns. |
| METAL FIBRE |
A manufactured
fibre made from any metal. |
| METAL SENSITIVITY |
The propensity
of a dye to produce an abnormal color on a textile material |
| METAL THREAD FABRICS |
There are a few
fabrics, for example silk from the East, which have real
silver or gold threads woven into them. |
| METALIZING |
The method of laminating
an aluminium foil or metallic film |
| METALLIC FABRIC |
Any fabric which
contains metallic yarn. |
| METALLIC FIBRE |
A manufactured
fibre |
| METALLIC FILAMENTS |
Continuous flat
mono-filament produced by a combination of plastic film
and metallic component so that the metallic component
is protected. |
| METALLIC PRINTING |
A method of printing
which uses a finely ground bronze or aluminium powder. |
| METALLIC STAPLE |
Materials similar
to the various types of metallic yarn which has been cut
to staple length for blending with other fibres in the
manufacture of spun yarns. |
| METALLIC YARN |
See Metallized
yarn. |
| METALLINE |
A highly lustrous
fabric in metallic colours. |
| METALLIZABLE DYE |
A dye capable of
forming a dye-metal complex |
| METALLIZED FABRIC |
A textile fabric
on which metal has been deposited, |
| METALLIZED YARN |
A yarn, which
has free metal as a component |
| METAMERIC |
Descriptive of
objects that exhibit metamerism |
| METAMERIC MATCH |
A match that is
judged to be satisfactory under a particular illuminant
but not under illuminant of different spectral composition. |
| METAMERISM |
A phenomenon whereby
the nature of the colour difference between two similarly
coloured objects changes with change in the spectral distribution
characteristics of the illuminant. |
| METIER |
A spinning device
used in producing man-made fibres. |
| METRIC COUNT |
The number of metres
of yarn per gram |
| MI-CUIT SILK |
A silk which has
been partially degummed to a degree about halfway between
complete, 'bright', and souple, or part, boiling-off. |
| MICROFIBRE |
A fibre or filament
of linear density approximately 1.0 dtex or less. |
| MICROFIBRE BATTING |
A textile filling
material containing fibres, such as polyester or olefin |
| MICROGRAPH |
A photograph of
an enlarged microscopic image. |
| MICRON |
A unit of measurement
equal to 1000th part of a millimetre |
| MICRONAIRE METHOD |
A means of measuring
the fineness of a fibre. |
| MICRONAIRE READING |
A relative measurement
of fibre fineness derived from the porous plug airflow
method. |
| MICROSTRETCHING |
The use of inter-meshing,
driven, corrugated rollers for the incremental extension
of the weft yarns of woven fabrics. |
| MICROWAVE HEATING |
The use of high
frequency dielectric energy, of 300 Mhz-350 Mhz to raise
the temperature of polar materials, e.g. water. |
| MID-NECK GIRTH |
Garment-related
term. |
| MID-THIGH GIRTH |
Garment-related
term. |
| MIDDY TWILL |
A durable right-hand
or left-hand twill cotton fabric, either mercerized or
plain. |
| MIGNONETTE |
A knitted silk
or viscose fabric used for underwear. |
| MIGRATION |
The nonuniform
movement and distribution of dyes, pigments, finishes
or other materials from one part of a material to another |
| MILAN |
A fine, closely
woven straw used for fine qualities of millinery made
in Milan, Italy. |
| MILAN POINT |
A needle-point
tape lace with a picot edge. |
| MILANAISE |
Narrow braid or
corded fabric in which the cord effect is produced by
leno weaving. |
| MILANESE |
KNITTED. A warp
knitted fabric usually made with a full set of warp threads
(i.e. containing twice as many threads as there are wales
in the fabric. |
| MILANESE WARP-KNITTING
MACHINE |
A warp-knitting
machine using either bearded or latch needles arranged
in either a straight-bar or circular formation. |
| MILANO RIB |
A weft-knitted
rib-based fabric. |
| MILDEW |
In textile materials
the development of unsightly growths of certain species
of fungi |
| MILDEW-RESISTANT |
A fabric treated
with chemicals |
| MILITARY BRAID |
A plain, flat braid
usually made from continuous filament yarn. |
| MILIUM |
Trade name for
a fabric which is insulated by applying aluminum flakes
to its back. |
| MILL |
Fabric whose surface
has been abraded to give it a special appearance and hand. |
| MILL ENDS |
Short lengths of
fabric or mill remnants. |
| MILL ENGRAVING |
The mechanical
method of 'engraving' a print cylinder; |
| MILL RUN |
A yarn or fabric
that has not been graded. |
| MILL WASTE |
Waste from various
machines that card, spin, and weave textile fabrics |
| MILL WRINKLE |
See Crease. |
| MILL-FINISHED FABRICS |
Yarn dyed, cotton
fabrics requiring no wet finishing after weaving. |
| MILLBOARD |
A thick piece of
cardboard placed between the folds of fabric during pressing. |
| MILLED |
A woven fabric
that has been fulled or felted. |
| MILLINERY FELT |
A cloth made by
interlocking of fibres |
| MILLINERY HAIR |
A very sheer braid
used for transparent hats. |
| MILLING |
Consolidation or
compacting fabrics, that usually contain wool or other
animal fibres. |
| MILLING ACID DYE |
An acid dye of
good fastness to acid or alkaline milling. |
| MINERAL DYES |
Colours produced
on cotton by the precipitation of coloured mineral compounds
on the fibre. |
| MINERAL FIBRE |
A group of fibres
obtained from minerals, e.g. asbestos, glass, metals |
| MINERAL SILICATE
FIBRES |
These are included
in various commonly used fibre groupings. |
| MINERAL WOOL |
A web or batt of
manufactured, inorganic fibres used for thermal or acoustic
insulation. |
| MINI-GRAIN |
A two coloured
ingrain filament yarn in which one colour predominates |
| MINIMUM-CARE |
See Easy-care. |
| MINK |
A very distinctive
long pale brown fur from an animal which can be ranch
bred or wild. |
| MINOR DEFECT |
See under Defect |
| MINOR DEFECTS IN
GARMENT |
See under Garment
defects. |
| MIRALENE |
Polyester fibre,
crinkle or bouclé type yarn based on 'terylene'. |
| MIRALON |
A bulking process
which can be applied to nylon yarn. |
| MIRROR VELVET |
Velvet produced
in the normal way, but with a pattern |
| MIRROR-EFFECT YARNS |
A type of filament
yarn in which a heavy white yarn serves as a core |
| MIS-STITCH |
A knitted stitch
done purposely for a desired effect. |
| MISCLIP |
See Scalloped selvedge. |
| MISDRAW |
See Wrong draw. |
| MISPICK |
Also called Wrong
pick. Fabric defect in woven fabrics |
| MISPRINT |
Fabric defect,
in printed fabric. |
| MISREGISTER |
Fabric defect,
in printing |
| MISS-KNIT |
Fabric defect,
in knitted fabrics. |
| MISSILE LOOM |
See under Shuttleless
looms |
| MISSING END |
See End out. |
| MISSING PICK |
See Broken pick |
| MISSING YARN |
Fabric defect,
in circular knit fabric |
| MISTRAL |
The name given
to a crêpe-effect worsted cloth. |
| MIXED END |
Also called Wrong
end. Fabric defect. |
| MIXED FABRIC |
See Mixture fabric. |
| MIXED FILLING |
Fabric defect,
major, in woven fabrics. |
| MIXED WARP ENDS |
Fabric defect. |
| MIXED WEFT |
Fabric defect. |
| MIXED YARN |
Fabric defect,
major, in warp knit fabric. |
| MIXING |
Blending of quantities
of fibres from several lots to produce a uniform result. |
| MIXTURE |
YARN. A yarn spun
from blends of different materials, colour, lustre, which
are mixed prior to the first spinning process. |
| MIXTURE CRÊPE |
A crêpe fabric
made with different fibre in warp and weft |
| MIXTURE FABRIC |
The fabric composed
of a mixture of yarns made from different types of fibres |
| MIXTURE INGRAIN |
See under Worsted. |
| MIXTURE YARN |
See under Colour
terms, Worsted. |
| MOCCA |
An embroidery term
to designate the entire open eyelet covered with spider-like
stitches. |
| MOCHA LEATHER |
Fine, soft sheepskin
leather from Africa and the Middle East. |
| MOCK |
Imitation. |
| MOCK CAKE |
A package of yarn |
| MOCK CRÊPES |
A group of fabrics
in which the crêpe effect has been obtained through
other methods than the use of crêpe twist yarns |
| MOCK DYEING |
Process of heat
stabilization of yarns |
| MOCK FASHIONING |
An imitation of
the fashion marks of fully-fashioned hosiery made on circular
knitted hose |
| MOCK FLAT-FELLED
SEAM |
See Double welt
seam. |
| MOCK FRENCH SEAM |
A complex seam
formed on the inside of the object with raw edges enclosed
and no stitching rows visible on the face side |
| MOCK GAUZE |
See Perforated
weave. |
| MOCK GRANDRELLE |
A single yarn with
a grandrelle effect, spun from rovings of different colours. |
| MOCK LENO |
A weave in which
the warp yarns remain parallel |
| MOCK LINKING |
A use of random
linking where linking is normally used |
| MOCK ROMAINE |
Similar to 'romaine' |
| MOCK SEAM |
Hose, knitted in
tubular form, but seamed up the back to imitate seam in
fully-fashioned stocking. |
| MOCK SPACE WEAVING
MACHINE |
A multi-tier weaving
machine for narrow fabrics. |
| MOCK VOILE |
A plain weave cotton
fabric, woven from hard-twisted single yarns |
| MOCK-CHENILLE YARN |
A type of fancy
yarn. |
| MOCK-SAFETY STITCH |
A type of overedge
stitch |
| MOCK-TWIST YARN |
An imitation ply
spiral yarn, it is a fancy single yarn produced by feeding
two different coloured rovings into the spinning frame. |
| MODACRYLIC FIBRE |
A manufactured
fibre in which the fibre-forming substance is any long
chain synthetic polymer composed of less than 85 % but
at least 35 % by weight of acrylonitrile units |
| MODAL FIBRE |
Generic name for
regenerated cellulose fibres obtained by processes giving
a high tenacity and a high wet modulus; |
| MODEL |
The original garment
made up from a design |
| MODIFIED ACETATE
FIBRES |
Stretching the
fibres followed by a treatment with an alkali. |
| MODIFIED CELLULOSE
FIBRE |
Cotton fibres that
have not been treated with caustic soda to change their
chemical and physical properties |
| MODIFIED CONTINUOUS
FILAMENT YARN |
This broad general
classification refers principally to man-made fibre yarns |
| MODIFIED RAYON |
Rayon filaments
or fibres, composed of principally of regenerated cellulose |
| MODIFIED STAPLE
FIBRE |
Rayon staple that
has been treated to give it wool-like characteristics. |
| MODIFIED WORSTED
SYSTEM |
A worsted system
for spinning man-made fibres |
| MODIFIED YARNS |
See Textured, lofted
or modified yarns. |
| MODULUS |
Initial linear
relationships between stress and strain as observed from
the stress-strain curve of a fibre |
| MOGADOR |
The name was of
the silk fabric used for men's cravats |
| MOHAIR |
The hair of the
angora goat. |
| MOHAIR BRAID |
Any type of braid
made from, usually, genapped mohair yarns. |
| MOHAIR SUITING |
Mohair can be combined
with worsted yarn, or woven alone, to produce a very lightweight,
shiny, attractive suiting fabric |
| MOHAIR WOOL |
Thick, spongy,
open fabric, in plain weave, with a very hairy texture. |
| MOIRÉ FABRIC |
A ribbed or corded
fabric that has been subjected to heat and heavy pressure
by rollers after weaving so as to present a rippled appearance. |
| MOIRÉ FAULT |
An undesirable
shaded effect produced when the weave pattern of one fabric
is accidentally impressed on to the face of another fabric |
| MOIRÉ FINISH |
A watered or rippled
appearance on the surface of a fabric. |
| MOIRÉ TAFFETA |
Taffeta weave fabric
made from silk or synthetic fibres and then embossed with
a moirè pattern. |
| MOIRETTE |
A plain woven cotton
fabric, with a predominance of warp or weft |
| MOIST CURING |
See under Curing. |
| MOISTURE |
Water absorbed,
adsorbed or resorbed by a material. |
| MOISTURE AS RECEIVED |
See Moisture content |
| MOISTURE AS-IS |
A deprecated term. |
| MOISTURE CONTENT |
The ratio of the
moisture in a material to the total moist mass. |
| MOISTURE EQUILIBRIUM |
The condition reached
by a material when it no longer takes up moisture from,
or gives up moisture to, the surrounding atmosphere. |
| MOISTURE PICK-UP |
The mass of absorbed
and adsorbed water that is held by material, compared
to the mass of the dried material. |
| MOISTURE REGAIN |
Also called Regain. |
| MOISTURE, WET-BASIS |
Deprecated term. |
| MOISTURE-FREE |
a material that
has been treated by a distillation process using a suitable
solvent. |
| MOITY WOOL |
Wool containing
vegetable matters like straw, hay, twigs, etc., picked
up by sheep while grazing. |
| MOLDED FABRIC |
A fabric made of
thermoplastic fibres that has heat and pressure applied
to it to change the molecular structure of the fibres
and to stabilize the shape. |
| MOLECULAR ORIENTATION |
The preferred
direction of linear molecules in the structure of fibres. |
| MOLESKIN |
Strong, fine cotton
fabric lightly napped and sheared on the wrong side. |
| MOLLETON |
A heavy reversible
cloth with a nap on both sides; originally made in wool. |
| MOLTEN-METAL DYEING |
A method of continuous
dyeing in which material is impregnated with an aqueous
liquid containing dye and chemicals |
| MOMIE CLOTH |
See Mummy cloth. |
| MOMME |
A Japanese measurement
of mass equivalent to 3.75 g (approximately). |
| MONK'S CLOTH |
See Abbot cloth |
| MONKEY FUR |
A long-haired fur
used in small amounts mainly as trimming. |
| MONO-CHROME DYEING |
See Meta-chrome
dyeing. |
| MONOFILAMENT YARN |
A single filament
which can function as a yarn in commercial textile operations,
i.e. it must be strong and flexible enough to be knitted,
woven, or braided, etc |
| MONOMER |
A small, simple,
chemical compound from which a polymer may be formed. |
| MONOTONE TWEED |
A mixture-effect
tweed made of yarns in different shades of the same colour. |
| MONOVOLTINE SILK |
Silk produced by
monovoltine silk worm, which produces one generation per
year |
| MONTAGNAC FABRIC |
A curly woollen
fabric with an astrakhan-like pile, produced by cutting
some of the weft floats and leaving others uncut |
| MOQUTTE |
One of the best
known and hardest wearing furnishing fabrics, used for
covering chairs, upholstery, curtains and drapes, table
cloths, etc., and probably the most popular until the
advent of the more luxurious Dralon velvet. |
| MORDANT |
Sometimes also
called Drug. |
| MORDANT DYES |
These are dyes
that are applied to the fibre in conjunction with a metal
salt; a mordant. |
| MORDANT PRINTING |
See Mordanting. |
| MORDANTING |
A process of impregnating
textiles with a mordant, usually salt or acid, to fasten
the dyestuff, which is applied before or after mordanting |
| MOREEN |
Also called Morine. |
| MORINE |
See Moreen. |
| MOROCCO LEATHER |
Term now refers
to leather that has been tanned chemically |
| MOSAIC CANVAS |
A fine silk or
cotton canvas used as a base for embroidery. |
| MOSCOW |
Heavy weight, overcoating
of the shaggy, napped type, used as winterwear. |
| MOSQUITO NET |
See Bobbin net. |
| MOSS CORD |
See Crêpe
cord. |
| MOSS CRÊPE |
A fabric made with
a moss crêpe weave and S- and Z-twist moss crêpe
yarns in warp and weft, made in acetate, cotton, wool,
polyester or viscose. |
| MOSS CRÊPE
WEAVE |
A crêpe weave
with a repeat in the warp and weft directions |
| MOSS CRÊPE
YARN |
A two-ply yarn
made by doubling a normal-twist yarn with a high-twist
yarn |
| MOSS FINISH |
A fibrous structure
produced by heavily fulling woollen fabrics, |
MOSS YARN
MOSS YARN |
A coarse woollen
yarn with a fuzzy surface. Used for embroidery. |
| MOTE TRASH |
See Trash. |
| MOTELY |
Same as Mixture,
especially an incongruous mixture. |
| MOTES |
Black spots in
yarn or cloth due to presence of these impurities. |
| MOTH PROOFING |
The treatment of
wool fabrics with repellents |
| MOTH REPELLENT |
The process of
applying special chemical compounds on fabrics, garments, |
| MOTH RESISTANT
FINISH |
Chemically imparted
resistance to damage by the larvae of the clothesmoth
and carpetbeetle. |
| MOTIF |
A design, repeat,
pattern or figure used to give a certain effect in a fabric. |
| MOTION MARK |
Fabric defect.
A bar, seen in woven fabric, which usually shades away
to normal fabric at both its edges. |
| MOTTLED FABRIC |
Fabric defect,
may be major or minor. |
| MOTTLED YARN |
See Marled yarn. |
| MOUFFLIN |
A double-faced
thick coating fabric which is soft and has an open, airy
surface. |
| MOULDING |
The application
of heat and/or pressure to fabric on a pre-shaped mould |
| MOULINAGE |
A French word,
which means 'to throw silk'. |
| MOULINÉE |
A French term for
ply yarns made of variously coloured strands. |
| MOUNTAIN CORK |
A variety of asbestos. |
| MOUNTAIN FLESH |
A flexible variety
of asbestos. |
| MOUNTAIN LEATHER |
A variety of asbestos
consisting of naturally felted asbestos fibres. |
| MOURNING CRÊPE |
Any cloth made
with a crêpe weave and dull finish used for mourning
purposes. |
| MOUSE SKIN |
See Duvetyn. |
| MOUSSELINE |
The French word
literally means muslin, but now it is used to describe
a better quality wool or silk fabric of this nature. |
| MOUSSELINE DE SOIE |
Literally, 'muslin
of silk' |
| MOUTH |
In zippers, the
opening in a slider that receives the chain. |
| MOUTH WIDTH |
In zippers, the
measurement between the slider flanges |
| MOUTON |
A short to medium
length fur with dense pile; the trade name for processed,
sheared sheep. |
| MOVABLE RETAINER |
In zippers, a movable
or sliding device performing a similar function to that
of the fixed retainer |
| MOVE NUMBER |
Also called 'step
number'. |
| MOZAMBIQUE |
A lightweight,
open weave gauze fabric |
| MUFF |
An unsupported
cross-wound package in the shape of a lady's muff. |
| MUFF DYEING |
Skeins of yarns
are wound on reels and steam-bulked to form packages called
muffs. |
| MUGA SILK |
Also called Assam
silk, Munga silk. |
| MUL MUSLIN |
A fine white muslin
which receives no sizing. Used for dresses. |
| MULBERRY SILK |
Mulberry is a hardy
perennial tree |
| MULE SPINNING |
A system of yarn
spinning, using a 'mule' machine. |
| MULE TWIST |
A cotton yarn spun
on a mule spinning frame, as distinguished from cotton
yarn spun on a ring spinning frame. |
| MULL |
A fabric type of
lightweight cotton voile |
| MULMUL |
Original term for
mull, derived from the Indian and Persian term 'malmal'. |
| MULTI-AXIAL FABRIC |
A warp-knitted
construction |
| MULTI-PHASE LOOM |
A loom in which
two or more weaving cycles, phased differently, operate
concurrently |
| MULTI-PIECE WEAVING
MACHINE |
A narrow-fabric
weaving machine |
| MULTI-PROCESS YARN |
A generic identification
for filament yarns that have been subjected to at least
two texturing techniques. |
| MULTICOMPONENT
FABRIC |
A fabric in which
at least two layers of material are sealed together by
an adhesive or other process. |
| MULTIFILAMENT YARN |
Yarn consisting
of more than one fine filament, usually 60 or more. |
| MULTILEVEL PILE |
In pile yarn floor-covering,
pile in which some tuft legs are substantially longer
than others. |
| MULTILOBAL |
Man-made fibres
and filaments are usually produced with a circular cross-section,
but fibres are now available with trilobal cross-sections,
octalobal cross-sections, etc. |
| MULTIPLE FABRIC |
Double, triple
or even quadruple cloth bound together during weaving
by interlacing the warp and weft of the individual cloths |
| MULTIPLE LENGTH
STAPLE FIBRES |
Man-made staple
fibres that are two or more times the nominal cut fibre
length. |
| MULTIPLE WOUND |
Filament yarn consisting
of two or more filaments. |
| MULTIPLEX YARNS |
A generic identification
for filament ply yarns composed of singles with varied
kinds of texturing. |
| MULTISTEP ZIGZAG |
A machine zigzag
pattern of stitching |
| MULTITHREAD CHAIN
STITCHES |
See Interlock stitches. |
| MULTIVOLTINE SILK |
See Polyvoltine
silk. |
| MUMMY CANVAS |
Canvas similar
to Mummy Cloth. |
| MUMMY CLOTH |
Also called Grannie
cloth and Momie cloth. |
| MUNGA SILK |
See Muga silk |
| MUNGO |
Cheap, poor quality
wool fabric made from mill wastes. |
| MUSHROOM FASTERNER |
A fastener comprising
two tapes, both being pile fabrics. |
| MUSLIN |
Also called Diaper
cloth. Soft, light weight, open cloth, of plain weave
or simple leno weave, with a rough finish. |
| MUSLINETTE |
A coarse muslin,
usually sized. |
| MUSQUASH |
Fur from the coat
of the muskrat |
| MUSSINESS |
Fabric defect. |
| MUTKA |
A coarse, silk
fabric made in Punjab, India. Generally green. |
| MYSORE SILK |
A fine, soft Indian
silk dress material; very popular. |
