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Home > Online Textile Dictionary

I
Word
Category
Short description
Description
ICE COLOURS ³ See Azoic dyes and Azoic dyeing. See Azoic dyes and Azoic dyeing.
ICELAND WOOL fibers, filaments, yarns The wool from Iceland sheep The wool from Iceland sheep, that have an outer covering of long coarse hair and a fine woolly undergrowth. This undergrowth is used for sweaters and shawls.
IDENTIFICATION TEST processes, operations A procedure involved in determining facts about textiles, such as kind of fibres, yarns, construction, finish, and colouring. A procedure involved in determining facts about textiles, such as kind of fibres, yarns, construction, finish, and colouring. Physical, chemical, microscopical or other techniques may be used.
IGNITION general The initiation of combustion. The initiation of combustion.
IHRAM fabrics A white cotton cloth devoid of needlework, worn by pilgrims to Mecca. A white cotton cloth devoid of needlework, worn by pilgrims to Mecca.
IKAT DYEING processes, operations A process of dyeing originated in Indonesia and Malaysia in which a warp is dyed to a pattern through the use of resist agent. A process of dyeing originated in Indonesia and Malaysia in which a warp is dyed to a pattern through the use of resist agent. The warp is made first in rope form and predetermined sections are bound tightly to protect that section from the dye. When the warp is opened out after dyeing, a pattern is shown on the warp which comes through into the woven fabric (warp ikat). A variation can be achieved by dyeing the weft yarn in a similar way (weft ikat) and in some cases both warp and weft may be treated (double ikat). Careful control and planning can give interesting and unusual figured effects in the cloth. The pattern shapes tend to have soft edges due to some relative movement of the threads in weaving, and a certain amount of bleeding and capillary action in the dye process.
IKAT FABRIC fabrics Fabric made from ikat dyed materials Fabric made from ikat dyed materials
ILLUMINATED DISCHARGE processes, operations See Colour discharge printing See Colour discharge printing
ILLUMINATION general, fabrics In lighting, the density or flux of light on a unit area of surface. 1. In lighting, the density or flux of light on a unit area of surface.
2. A term used to describe any soft sheet net or tulle. Mainly used for veils and dresses
ILOCANO CLOTH fabrics A bright coloured, striped or checked, cotton fabric woven in Philippines A bright coloured, striped or checked, cotton fabric woven in Philippines. Used mainly for swimwear, active sportswear
IMBERLINE STRIPE fabrics A fabric, woven in one piece but appearing to be composed of a series of different strips joined by gold and silk galloon. A fabric, woven in one piece but appearing to be composed of a series of different strips joined by gold and silk galloon. It is actually a fabric woven with various coloured and patterned stripes, sepa-rated by gold stripes.
IMBIBITION fabrics A measure of a textile material's ability to hold liquid. A measure of a textile material's ability to hold liquid.
IMBROCADO fabrics A silver or gold trimming fabric. A silver or gold trimming fabric.
IMITATION MOCK GAUZE fabrics See Perforated weave. See Perforated weave.
IMITATION SILK fibers, filaments, yarns A term occasionally used in the past for mercerised cotton yarn and rayon. A term occasionally used in the past for mercerised cotton yarn and rayon. Trade and governmental regulations classify this term as a misnomer.
IMMATURE FIBRE fibers, filaments, yarns See under Cotton maturity See under Cotton maturity
IMMEDIATE ELASTIC DEFORMATION general Recoverable deformation Recoverable deformation which is essentially independent of time, that is, occurring in (a time approaching) zero time and recoverable (a time approaching) zero time after removal of the applied force. See also Delayed deformation.
IMMERSION TESTING processes, operations A measure of the properties of fibres, yarns or fabrics when saturated with a liquid. A measure of the properties of fibres, yarns or fabrics when saturated with a liquid. The test is performed with the sample immersed in the liquid.
IMMUNIZED COTTON fibers, filaments, yarns Cotton that has been treated to resist ordinary cotton-dyes; the chemical structure has been converted into an ester of cellulose. Cotton that has been treated to resist ordinary cotton-dyes; the chemical structure has been converted into an ester of cellulose. Acetic anhydride is one of the principal agents employed in the treatment. Immunized cotton responds to dyes suitable for acetate rayon.
IMPACT RESISTANCE general The resistance to fracture under the sudden application of an external force. The resistance to fracture under the sudden application of an external force.
IMPACT TEXTURING processes, operations See under Texturing. See under Texturing.
IMPERFECT SELVEDGES defects Fabric defect. Fabric defect. These include Blaky selvedge, Beaded selvedge, Broken selvedge, Corded selvedge, Curled selvedge, Cut selvedge, Damaged selvedge, Dog-legged selvedge, Doubled selvedge, Drawn selvedge, Folded selvedge, Looped selvedge, Loose edge, Rolled selvedge, Scalloped selvedge, Slack selvedge, Tight selvedge, Torn selvedge, etc.
IMPERIAL CLOTH fabrics Coating fabric of fine worsted in twill weave. Coating fabric of fine worsted in twill weave. Imperial serge is similar, but softer and looser woven. Both are firm, durable clothes, usually dyed navy blue, and used for coats, capes, and if show-erproofed for raincoats.
IMPERIAL SATEEN fabrics A heavily wefted fabric A heavily wefted fabric based on an eight-end sateen weave with one or more extra risers added. The weft face may be smooth or raised. See also Beaverteen and Fustian.
IMPREGNATED FABRIC fabrics A fabric in which the interstices between the yarns are completely filled with the impregnating compound A fabric in which the interstices between the yarns are completely filled with the impregnating compound throughout the thickness of the material, as distinguished from sized or coated materials, where these interstices are not completely filled.
A fabric woven from impregnated yarns, but not impregnated after weaving, is not an impregnated fabric.
IMPREGNATED YARN fibers, filaments, yarns A yarn in which the interstices are filled with an impregnating compound. A yarn in which the interstices are filled with an impregnating compound.
IMPREGNATION processes, operations The process of treating a fabric with a functional compound. The process of treating a fabric with a functional compound.
IMPRESSION processes, operations Surface unevenness developed during pressing Surface unevenness developed during pressing, usually around areas of extra thickness, such as pockets and seams
IMPRESSION MARK defects See Emboss mark. See Emboss mark.
IN THE GRAY fabrics See Grey. See Grey.
IN THE GREASE fibers, filaments, yarns Wool as it is shorn from the sheep; contains grease and other impurities. Wool as it is shorn from the sheep; contains grease and other impurities.
IN THE GUM fibers, filaments, yarns A natural, raw silk A natural, raw silk which is stiff and dull before the gum covering is removed by degumming.
INCHES PER RACK general Also called IPR. In warp knitting, the length of fabric in one rack measured on the machine under operating take-up tension. Also called IPR. In warp knitting, the length of fabric in one rack measured on the machine under operating take-up tension. The phrase 'inches per rack' is recommended for use in place of the word 'quality', previously used for this concept.
INDANTHRENE ³ An original vat dye; identified by high colourfastness. An original vat dye; identified by high colourfastness.
INDIA BLANKET garments, made-ups, assemblies All-wool, or woollen filling blankets woven with characteristic American Indian designs All-wool, or woollen filling blankets woven with characteristic American Indian designs. The genuine Indian handmade blanket is more of a rug than a blanket. Today most Indian blankets are power loom woven.
INDIA CHINTZ fabrics A heavy, strong chintz with large patterns used for upholstery. A heavy, strong chintz with large patterns used for upholstery.
INDIA PRINT fabrics Cotton fabric printed with the characteristic native patterns in form and content Cotton fabric printed with the characteristic native patterns in form and content, usually hand blocked in glowing oriental colours.
INDIA TAPE accessories A plain weave, narrow fabric, made from cotton A plain weave, narrow fabric, made from cotton using plied yarn as warp and single yarn in double pick weft.
INDIAN ABUTILON fibers, filaments, yarns A fine lustrous white fibre, yielded from Abutilon graveolens, found in South Asia and India, where it is abundant. A fine lustrous white fibre, yielded from Abutilon graveolens, found in South Asia and India, where it is abundant. Not used commercially, but considered to have a potential as a textile material.
INDIAN COTTON fibers, filaments, yarns A type of cotton fibre. A type of cotton fibre. Average fibre length 15-20 mm.; usually used only for coarse counts.
INDIAN CRÊPE fabrics A cotton crêpe of rough unfinished appearance, used for blouses, men's shirts. A cotton crêpe of rough unfinished appearance, used for blouses, men's shirts.
INDIAN DHURRIE fabrics Se Dhurrie Se Dhurrie
INDIAN EMBROIDERY processes, operations Needlework done by natives of India in characteristic oriental design. Needlework done by natives of India in characteristic oriental design. Cloth embroidery, chain-stitch embroidery, quilting and cashmere work are included in this type of needlework.
INDIAN SILK fabrics Hand-loomed silk fabric, not necessarily always made in India. Hand-loomed silk fabric, not necessarily always made in India. Has a slightly wrinkled impressed appearance, but it is crisp. Made in plain colors. Used for saris, evening wear and some furnishing items such as cushion covers.
INDIGO ³ Originally a natural dyestuff extracted from the stems and leaves of Indigofera tinctoria and Indigofera anil and woad plants. Originally a natural dyestuff extracted from the stems and leaves of Indigofera tinctoria and Indigofera anil and woad plants. A fast, blue colour dye, it was used for dyeing of cotton, wool and silk.
Development of synthetic indigo from coal tar products and other hydrocarbon sources has made the use of natural indigo almost obsolete. Vat dyes in big volume go into the dyeing of blue denim for work cloths. See also Vat dyes.
INDIGOTIN ³ The basic colouring substance of indigo. The basic colouring substance of indigo. Synthetic or artificial indigo is almost pure indigotin.
INDIRECT WARPING processes, operations The transference of yarn from a package creel The transference of yarn from a package creel onto a swift from which it is subsequently wound onto a beam.
INDIRECT YARN NUMBERING SYSTEM fibers, filaments, yarns A system that expresses yarn number in length per unit mass or the reciprocal of linear density. A system that expresses yarn number in length per unit mass or the reciprocal of linear density.
INDUSTRIAL CONSUMER general See under Consumer See under Consumer
INDUSTRIAL NYLON fabrics Heavy-duty plain-weave nylon fabric made in a limited range of colors Heavy-duty plain-weave nylon fabric made in a limited range of colors. Is fairly stiff and does not crease. Used for overalls and protective clothing, but is also useful for the bags of men's trouser pockets, as it is extremely hardwearing.
INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES fabrics Textile materials and products intended for end-uses 1. Textile materials and products intended for end-uses other than clothing, household, furnishing and floor covering, where the fabric or fibrous component is selected principally (but not exclu-sively) for its performance and properties as opposed to its aesthetic or decorative characteristics.
2. A category of technical textiles used either as part of an industrial process, or incorporated into final products.
INDUSTRIAL WIPING CLOTH fabrics An absorbent fabric An absorbent fabric made for use in cleaning machinery or for other industrial and commercial use.
INDUSTRIAL YARN fibers, filaments, yarns A yarn composed of continuous filaments, usually of high breaking tenacity A yarn composed of continuous filaments, usually of high breaking tenacity, produced with or without twist, and intended for applications in which functional properties are of primary importance; for example in reinforcing material in elastomeric products (tyres, hose, belting), in protective coverings, and in cordage and webbing etc
INDUSTRY PRODUCTS garments, made-ups, assemblies Products such as furniture, pillows, comforters, sleeping bags, and wearing apparel Products such as furniture, pillows, comforters, sleeping bags, and wearing apparel which are wholly or partially filled with feathers or down intended for use in the manufacture of such prod-ucts.
INFLAMMABLE TEXTLE general Use preferred term Flammable textile. Use preferred term Flammable textile.
INFORMATIVE LABEL general Factual information about the goods or garment Factual information about the goods or garment (such as fibre content, construction, performance and care) presented to the buyer on hang-tag or woven or printed label.
INFRARED RADIATION general Radiant energy Radiant energy for which the wavelengths of the monochromatic components are greater than those for visible radiation and less than about 1 mm.
INGRAIN CARPET garments, made-ups, assemblies A reversible coarse carpeting woven on a jacquard loom accommodating up to six coloured weft threads. A reversible coarse carpeting woven on a jacquard loom accommodating up to six coloured weft threads. It may be two-ply Kidderminister carpet or three-ply Scotch carpet..
INGRAIN DYE ³ A colourant, which is formed, in situ, in the substrate by the development and coupling of one or more intermediate compounds. A colourant, which is formed, in situ, in the substrate by the development and coupling of one or more intermediate compounds. The term was originally used for colorants obtained from oxidation bases and by azoic techniques, but is now reserved for other types of colorant formed in situ, e.g. In-grain dyes bearing the Alcian and Phthalogen trade marks. These are limited ranges noted for particularly for their unique turquoise colour, provided by the remarkably stable copper phthlocyanine chromophore. See Onium dye.
INGRAIN YARN fibers, filaments, yarns Yarn, spun from a mixture of fibres of different colours 1. Yarn, spun from a mixture of fibres of different colours, where the mixing of coloured fibres is carried out at an early stage. See also Colour terms and Worsted.
2. Filament yarn, composed of filaments of different colours, the ingrain effect being produced by the random exposure of the differently coloured filaments at the yarn surface.
INHERENT FLAME-RESISTANCE general Flame resistance that derives from an essential characteristic of the fibre Flame resistance that derives from an essential characteristic of the fibre from which the textile is made. (Compare Flame resistance.)
INHERENTLY FLAME-RESISTANT fibers, filaments, yarns Fibre inherently having the property of flame-resistance. Fibre inherently having the property of flame-resistance.
INHIBITOR ³ Usually refers to chemical agent applied to fabric, especially of acetate, to inhibit gas fading. Usually refers to chemical agent applied to fabric, especially of acetate, to inhibit gas fading.
INKING processes, operations A process of dyeing or touching up spots in a fabric A process of dyeing or touching up spots in a fabric which otherwise would be a defect. See Speck dyeing.
INKLE accessories An old term for narrow fabric. An old term for narrow fabric.
INKLE LOOM apparatus, equipage, tools A simple form of narrow hand loom. A simple form of narrow hand loom. It consists of a frame with pegs which hold a characteristically narrow continuous warp, a simple device for making two sheds, and an adjustable peg to control warp tension.
INLAY garments, made-ups, assemblies An extra seam allowance inside the garment An extra seam allowance inside the garment, for letting out if required, or for strength at a given position.
INLAY PRINTING processes, operations Embossing and printing are combined in this process. Embossing and printing are combined in this process. The embossed fabric is printed in the depressions in the fabric. Also see Embo printing
INORGANIC FIBRE fibers, filaments, yarns Fibre spun from inorganic material, Fibre spun from inorganic material, e.g. Aluminium silicate is an inorganic material and fibres spun from it are inorganic fibres
INSECT RESISTANCE general The capability to impede damage by insects. The capability to impede damage by insects.
INSECT SCREENING fabrics A woven netting fabric of coated glass yarn A woven netting fabric of coated glass yarn having a mesh size of 12 by 12 or greater.
INSERTED SEAM seams, stitches A seam in which a single or number of layers of fabric is inserted between two others which are turned in. A seam in which a single or number of layers of fabric is inserted between two others which are turned in. The complete assembly is sewn in one operation. Layer
INSERTED SELVEDGE garments, made-ups, assemblies See under Selvedge. See under Selvedge.
INSERTION fabrics, accessories Lace, embroidey or other needlework Lace, embroidey or other needlework inserted and sewn between two cut edges of fabric for ornamental purposes. See also Insertion lace.
INSERTION BANDED LACES accessories See under Banded laces. See under Banded laces.
INSERTION BRAID accessories A piping made by a braiding machine A piping made by a braiding machine which produces a flat and tubular braid on combination.
INSERTION LACE fabrics Usually narrow and often with slits for threading ribbon through Usually narrow and often with slits for threading ribbon through, but it always has two straight edges. It is inserted as decoration, and the backing fabric is usually cut away afterwards.
INSIDE SEAM seams, stitches A seam formed in which the completed seam allowance is located on the interior of the object, usually on the backside of the fabric A seam formed in which the completed seam allowance is located on the interior of the object, usually on the backside of the fabric. Examples of inside seams include Double-welt seam, French seam, 'lapped seams', 'mock French seams', 'slot seams', 'tucked seams', and 'welt seams'. (Compare Outside seam.)
INSIDE-LEG LENGTH garments, made-ups, assemblies Garment-related term. Garment-related term. See under Garment sizing system.
INSOLUBLE SOIL defects Impurity or contamination, especially carbon particles, that may become embedded in the fibres. Impurity or contamination, especially carbon particles, that may become embedded in the fibres. Such impurities are almost impossible to remove in dry cleaning. See also Solvent insoluble soil.
INSOLUBLIZING processes, operations A process referring to the coupling of dyes A process referring to the coupling of dyes, e.g. mordant, to make man-made fibres resistant to or insoluble to leaching.
INSPECTION processes, operations Activity such as measuring, examining, testing, gauging one or more characteristics of a product or service Activity such as measuring, examining, testing, gauging one or more characteristics of a product or service and comparing these with specified requirements to determine conformity.
INSTITUTIONAL CONSUMER general See under Consumer. See under Consumer.
INSTRON TENSILE TESTER apparatus, equipage, tools An electronic testing equipment for a broad range of materials under varied testing conditions. An electronic testing equipment for a broad range of materials under varied testing conditions. It is used to measure and chart load elongation properties of fibres, yarns, fabrics, webbings, etc. It is also used to measure compression and tear-resistance.
INSULATING TAPE accessories A narrow fabric used in the manufacture of electrical equipment. A narrow fabric used in the manufacture of electrical equipment.
INSULATION FINISH processes, operations Curtain and lining fabrics can have fine metallic powder bonded to the surface. Curtain and lining fabrics can have fine metallic powder bonded to the surface. In the summer, heat from the sun is reflected away from the room or body; in the winter loss of heat to the outside is pre-vented
INSULATION TAPE fabrics A woven fabric, impregnated with a non-conducting adhesive A woven fabric, impregnated with a non-conducting adhesive, which is then cut into strips.
INTAGLIO apparatus, equipage, tools In printing, a design or line cut into a surface of printing cylinder In printing, a design or line cut into a surface of printing cylinder so as to form a hollow or indent.
INTANGLIO apparatus, equipage, tools, fabrics Engraving in which design to be printed is cut below surface of printing cylinder. 1. Engraving in which design to be printed is cut below surface of printing cylinder.
2. Also prints made from such rolls.
INTARSIA fabrics, accessories A knitted fabric in which there are solid areas of colour patterning. 1. A knitted fabric in which there are solid areas of colour patterning. The characteristic of such ar-eas is that they consist only of the yarn forming them; no other colored yarn passes either through them or behind them. Joins between the areas of color are formed either by entwining the sinker loops of adjacent areas or by plating adjacent area loops.
2. A motif design in stitch and/or colour.
INTEGRAL GARMENT garments, made-ups, assemblies All knitted garments are classified into four classes according to general production methods; Fully cut, Stitch shaped cut, Fully fashioned and Integral. All knitted garments are classified into four classes according to general production methods; Fully cut, Stitch shaped cut, Fully fashioned and Integral.
Integral garments (also known as 'Integrally knitted garments') is weft knitted garments, so con-structed, that they require little or no cutting, and little or no seaming operations to finish them.
Integrally knitted garments are those that are essentially knitted in one piece with little or no seam. The archetypal example is the beret, which is knitted sequentially in a series of triangles, leaving the beginning and the end to be joined into a three dimensional shape. This principle has also been used to make skirts and jumpers and is used to produce a large proportion of ladies and gents millinery.
Another integral garment using a combination of tubular knitting and shaping is the men's sock or half hose. To shape the heel and toe of a sock, pouches are formed from extra rows of knitting.
The third common type of integral garment consists principally of joined tubes - the glove. Tubes are constructed for each of the digits, sometimes with shaped tips, and merge together into the palm portion, (also a tube). With some latest model machines, it is now possible to knit such gloves, fully automatically with no subsequent making up procedures.
The general production sequence of integral garment (e.g. Half hose) is:
Knit half hose

Seam toes

Wet finish, scour, dye

Examine and mend

Finish press
Developmental work is fast progressing on integral garment manufacturing of upper body outerwear apparels too. The main advantages of integral concepts are savings in both raw material and labour costs at the expense of lower machine output. The electronic V-bed knitting machines in their pres-ent state of development, with presser foot or holding sinkers, are easily capable of producing gar-ments in all the garment categories.
INTEGRAL KNITTED GARMENTS garments, made-ups, assemblies See Integral garments See Integral garments
INTEGRATED MILL general A textile mill which has a complete series of operations to produce fabric from the fibrous raw material. A textile mill which has a complete series of operations to produce fabric from the fibrous raw material.
INTEGUMENT general In sericulture, refers to the covering of the silkworm's body. In sericulture, refers to the covering of the silkworm's body.
INTERCHANGING DOUBLE CLOTH fabrics See under Double cloth. See under Double cloth.
INTERFACING fabrics Woven or non-woven fabrics used to give body to certain areas of a garment. Woven or non-woven fabrics used to give body to certain areas of a garment. It adds to the outward appearance of the garment if some areas are reinforced, e.g. collars, buttoned openings, cuffs, pocket flaps, and this structuring also makes the garment last longer. Interfacing has always been a vital and integral part of tailoring, but until comparatively recently was regarded as less important in dressmaking. Now, however, a very wide range of types and weights of interfacing is available, so it is not difficult to interface correctly and improve the garment. Choice depends entirely on the fabric being sewn. In general, the interfacing used in dressmaking should be lighter and softer than the fab-ric, otherwise the interfacing will take over and make the area where it is used to appear different. See Non-woven canvas, Woven canvas, Iron-on canvas.
INTERLACED YARN fibers, filaments, yarns See Intermingled yarn. See Intermingled yarn.
INTERLINING accessories Any textile which is intended for incorporation into an article of wearing apparel Any textile which is intended for incorporation into an article of wearing apparel as a layer between an outer shell and the ordinary inner lining, for shape retention, strength, warmth or bulk.
INTERLOCK fabrics A double-faced rib-based structure consisting of two 1x1 rib fabrics joined by interlocking sinker loops, it is made on machines equipped with two sets of opposed needles A double-faced rib-based structure consisting of two 1x1 rib fabrics joined by interlocking sinker loops, it is made on machines equipped with two sets of opposed needles. Originally knitted from cotton and used for underwear, but now is knitted from various materials and used for a variety of purposes, including outerwear.
INTERLOCK GAITING processes, operations See under Gating. See under Gating.
INTERLOCK STITCHES seams, stitches A versatile group of stitch types forming flat seams. A versatile group of stitch types forming flat seams. Two to four needle thread chain stitching in a parallel formation is joined together on one side of the fabric by interlooping with a single thread. The other side of the stitching may also be joined by one or more threads known as covering threads. The classification of such seams is confused, in that they fall into two groups within the BS/ISO system. Same as Multithread chain stitches, Covering stitches.
INTERMEDIATE COTTONS fibers, filaments, yarns An intermediate classification for cotton staple between short and long staple (actually overlapped by both). An intermediate classification for cotton staple between short and long staple (actually overlapped by both). Staple lengths of intermediates range from 1.27 to 3.33 cm.
INTERMEDIATES fibers, filaments, yarns See Yarn intermediates. See Yarn intermediates.
INTERMINGLED YARN fibers, filaments, yarns Sometimes called Interlaced yarn. A multifilament yarn in which cohesion is imparted to the filament bundle by entwining the filaments instead of or in addition to twisting. Sometimes called Interlaced yarn. A multifilament yarn in which cohesion is imparted to the filament bundle by entwining the filaments instead of or in addition to twisting. The effect is usually achieved by passing the yarn under light tension through the turbulent zone of an air-jet.
Intermingling should be distinguished from air-texturing in which a much higher level of entangle-ment is achieved with the objective of producing texture or bulk.
INTERMINGLING JET apparatus, equipage, tools An air-operated device used as an ancillary to some processes of yarn extrusion, of drawing and of texturing An air-operated device used as an ancillary to some processes of yarn extrusion, of drawing and of texturing to induce intermingling of filaments and hence yarn coherence. See also Intermingled yarn
INTERNATIONAL FIBRE DESCRIPTION fibers, filaments, yarns See Table: 'International fabric description'. See Table: 'International fabric description'.
INTERNATIONAL UNIT SYSTEM (SI) general To simplify international co-operation in all sectors of industry and commerce, the SI unit system (SI = Systeme International d' Unites) was established. To simplify international co-operation in all sectors of industry and commerce, the SI unit system (SI = Systeme International d' Unites) was established. The SI is a rationalized selection of units in the metric system which individually are not new and all other units are derived from them. Few changes were necessary for countries that use the metric system, nevertheless some changes were necessary to comply to the international agreed usage of SI. The international system is based on 7 base units. All other units are derived from these units. Conversion factors are 1 or decimal multiples and sub-multiples of 10. A system of prefixes denoting decimal multiples and sub-multiples of the base units has been established. See Tables: 'International unit system (SI) Base units and Derived units', and 'Table of SI units used in the textile industry'
INTERNATIONALGREYSCALE apparatus, equipage, tools A comparative standard) scale used to rate degrees of colour A comparative standard) scale used to rate degrees of colour fading from 5 (negligible or no-change) to 1 (severe change).
INTERWEOVEN YARN fibers, filaments, yarns Same as Interlaced yarn Same as Interlaced yarn
INTIMATE BLEND processes, operations Combining two or more different fibre types Combining two or more different fibre types into a uniform mixture before the single yarn is spun.
INTRINSIC CLO general See Clo. See Clo.
INTURNED WELT garments, made-ups, assemblies See under Welt. See under Welt.
INVISIBLE WASTE general Weight loss due to dust, moisture, loose fibres, etc., carried away by the air. Weight loss due to dust, moisture, loose fibres, etc., carried away by the air.
INVOICE MASS general The mass, however determined, of a consignment of a textile material The mass, however determined, of a consignment of a textile material, which is declared on the invoice. It is usually numerically equivalent to the commercial mass
INWROUGHT fabrics A decoration, design or pattern worked into a fabric so as to be a part of the cloth A decoration, design or pattern worked into a fabric so as to be a part of the cloth, e.g. Tapestry, Brocade, Damask, Brocatelle.
IONOMER general A polymer characterized by covalent bonds A polymer characterized by covalent bonds between the constituents of the long chain molecules and ionic bonds between the chains.
IPR general See Inches per rack See Inches per rack
IRIDESCENT EFFECT fabrics See Inches per rack See Inches per rack
IRIDESCENT FABRIC fabrics A fabric with changeable colour or shot effects. A fabric with changeable colour or shot effects. May be the result of dye, finish or weave.
IRISH FINISH fabrics A finish given to cotton fabric to imitate linen. A finish given to cotton fabric to imitate linen.
IRISH LACE fabrics Term to describe a heavy crochet lace with looped edges. Term to describe a heavy crochet lace with looped edges. Made in Ireland; Carrickmacross and Limerick are two places of origin. See also Limerick lace.
IRISH LAWN fabrics A lawn fabric produced from fine linen yarns. A lawn fabric produced from fine linen yarns.
IRISH LINEN fibers, filaments, yarns, fabrics YARN. 100 % flax yarn spun in Ireland 1. YARN. 100 % flax yarn spun in Ireland.
2. FABRIC. Fine quality linen fabric woven in Ireland from Irish linen yarn. Used for handkerchiefs and table linen; coarser grades used for tea towels and glass clothes.
IRISH POPLIN fabrics A poplin made from a dyed pure silk organzine warp and a three-fold genapped fine worsted weft. A poplin made from a dyed pure silk organzine warp and a three-fold genapped fine worsted weft. It is a silk-face and silk-back fabric, the weft being completely covered by the warp. The fabric is usually hand-woven and is frequently given a moiré finish.
IRISH TWEED fabrics White warp and dark shade weft of blue, grey, brown, or black feature this popular, rugged menswear fabric White warp and dark shade weft of blue, grey, brown, or black feature this popular, rugged menswear fabric. Used for suiting and coating.
IRON LIQUOR ³ See Acetate of iron. See Acetate of iron.
IRON YARN fibers, filaments, yarns A smooth, stiff, cotton yarn which has been starched and glazed A smooth, stiff, cotton yarn which has been starched and glazed. Generally either white or black; mainly used for linings and hat shapes.
IRON-ON CANVAS INTERFACINGS accessories An iron-on woven canvas does not give the shaping advantages of the sew-in varieties. An iron-on woven canvas does not give the shaping advantages of the sew-in varieties. However, it is quick to use and is effective on flat areas such as coat fronts, pocket flaps, hemlines (where added body is needed.), etc. Selection to be according to the weight of fabric being used:
1. A thick, soft canvas made from a mixture of linen and cotton
2. A very soft cotton canvas that would be suitable for the lightweight clothes used for women's coats and jackets.
IRON-ON COTTON accessories Soft cotton fabric, almost like muslin, with adhesive granules on the wrong side Soft cotton fabric, almost like muslin, with adhesive granules on the wrong side. It would add slight stiffness to soft fabrics. Not cheap.
IRONING processes, operations A method of pressing using a heated hand iron A method of pressing using a heated hand iron, sometimes together with moisture or steam, and a gliding motion. See also Pressing.
IRONING + PRESSING OF TEXTILE processes, operations A process carried out on a textile article to restore its shape and appearance A process carried out on a textile article to restore its shape and appearance, by means of an appro-priate appliance using heat and pressure
IRONPROOFING processes, operations A treatment with caustic soda given to certain acetate fabrics. A treatment with caustic soda given to certain acetate fabrics. By saponifying the surface of the cloth, the material becomes more resistant to damage from high temperatures of pressing irons. See Saponification.
IRREGULAR SATIN WEAVE fabrics A variation of the satin weave A variation of the satin weave in which the interlacings are not on the regular arrangement of the normal satin weave
IRREGULARS defects Any article such as hosiery, sheets, and towels, which contains slight imperfections Any article such as hosiery, sheets, and towels, which contains slight imperfections that prevent it from being classed as first quality.
IRRIGATED COTTON fibers, filaments, yarns Cotton produced in the arid areas by irrigation. Cotton produced in the arid areas by irrigation. The physical properties are different from rain grown cottons of the same variety, which may affect dyeing properties.
ISLANDS IN THE SEA fibers, filaments, yarns See under Bicomponent fibres. See under Bicomponent fibres.
ITALIAN HEMSTITCHING seams, stitches A drawn fabric stitch worked with alternating vertical and horizontal stitches. 1. A drawn fabric stitch worked with alternating vertical and horizontal stitches. A line is formed similar to the blanketstitch, but with openwork effect. May be used like machine hemstitching to finish seams on sheer cloths to give a flat, strong, decorative effect.
2.A stitch used for embroidering linen or other fabrics with counted threads for making lines or for filling.
ITALIAN SILK fibers, filaments, yarns Raw silk of good grade Raw silk of good grade. It is strong, elastic, easily processed and has no imperfections. The boiled-off percentage is high. Used for dresses, knit goods, high quality hosiery, underwear and tricot.
ITARSI
ITARSI
fibers, filaments, yarns A term used for Sunn. A term used for Sunn.

 

Last updated: October 2005 by CBEYOND.
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