| BABY COMBING WOOL |
Fine, choice wool
fibre which ranges from 11/2 to 21/2 inches in staple
length. |
| BABY FLANNEL |
Lightweight flannel |
| BABY LACE |
Narrow lace edging
of the Valenciennes type |
| BABYCORD |
See under Corduroy |
| BACK BREAK-POINT |
Garment-related
term. |
| BACK CHROMING |
A treatment given
to a fabric after dyeing to improve colour fixation. |
| BACK COATING |
An adhesive-type
substance applied to the back of a fabric |
| BACK DYEING |
See Back dyeing. |
| BACK FABRIC SEAM
IMPRESSION |
Printing defect,
major. |
| BACK LOOP |
See under Knitted
loop |
| BACK RISE |
The distance on
a garment from the crutch to the centre back of the waistline. |
| BACK SIDE |
Also called Wrong
side |
| BACK STITCH |
A strong and versatile
hand stitch used to seam garment parts. |
| BACK STRAP |
Strap across the
back of a garment at the waist usually fitted with a buckle,
or other method of adjustable fastening |
| BACK TACKING |
Reverse sewing
at the beginning and end of a seam |
| BACK TANNING |
An after-treatment
to improve the wet fastness of dyed or printed silk or
polyamide materials |
| BACK TWISTING |
Re-twisting a yarn |
| BACK WASHING |
The washing of
dyed or undyed wool sliver |
| BACK WIDTH |
Garment-related
term. |
| BACK WINDING |
The process of
rewinding, |
| BACK-AND-FORE STITCH |
A hand stitch employed
for sewing linings and pockets. |
| BACK-FILLING |
A filler material
applied to the back of a fabric |
| BACK-GREY |
IN ROLLER PRINTING,IN
SCREEN PRINTING |
| BACK-SIZING |
See Filler. |
| BACKED CLOTH WEAVE |
A reversible fabric |
| BACKED FABRIC |
A fabric woven
with an extra set of yarns |
| BACKING FABRIC |
A reinforcing layer
of fabric |
| BACKING YARN |
In pile fabrics,
the base yarn that holds the pile in place |
| BACKING, PRIMARY |
In tufted pile
yarn floor covering |
| BACKING, SECONDARY |
A material adhered
to the backing fabric side |
| BACKING, WARP |
Additional warp
on the back of a fabric |
| BACKING, WEFT |
Additional weft
on the back of a fabric |
| BACTERIAL RESISTANCE |
The resistance
to the development of visible bacterial growth and accompanying
odours |
| BACTERIOSTAT |
Chemical compound,
applied to fabric |
| BAD CAST |
An abruptly increased
diameter in raw silk thread. |
| BAD COVER |
Fabric defect. |
| BAD LISTING |
See Cut selvedge. |
| BAD ODOUR |
Fabric defect |
| BAD TEMPLE |
See Temple mark. |
| BAG CLOTH |
Woven fabric of
inferior quality yarns, heavily sized to prevent penetration. |
| BAGGING |
See Tacking |
| BAGGING FABRIC |
Also called Gunny.
A very heavy, loosely woven fabric from heavy tightly
twisted roving |
| BAGGING OUT |
A method of joining
facings and/or linings to the outer fabric of a garment |
| BAGGY CLOTH |
See Wavy cloth. |
| BAGGY SELVEDGE |
See Slack selvedge |
| BAGHDAD WOOL |
Dark carpet wool
from Mesopotamia. |
| BAGHEERA VELVET |
Piece-dyed velvet
with a rough surface |
| BAIL |
Also called Lug. |
| BAININ |
Loosely constructed,
hand-woven fabric from Ireland |
| BAIZE |
Also called Baze.
Plain-woven, coarse short napped woollen felt fabric. |
| BAKING |
Treatment of a
dry fabric |
| BALANCE |
In garments, the
adjustment of the relation of one section of a garment
to another |
| BALANCE MARKS |
Notches, nips or
threads in garment parts, which help to preserve the balance
of the garments by serving as guides during assembly. |
| BALANCE WHEEL |
Also called Hand
wheel. In sewing machine |
| BALANCED CRÊPE |
A crepe which has
alternate yarns of 'S' and 'Z' crepe twist in both warp
and filling |
| BALANCED FABRIC |
Fabric in which
the number of ends/inch is equal to the number of picks/inch
and both of the yarns are of the same count (or number). |
| BALANCED TWILL |
Also called Even-sided
twill. |
| BALANCED TWIST |
without tension
An arrangement of twist in a plied yarn or cord, |
| BALANCED YARNS |
Yarns in which
the twist is such that the yarn will hang in a loop without
kinking, doubling, or twisting upon itself. |
| BALBRIGGAN |
Light, knit fabric
made on a circular knitting machine. |
| BALE |
A compressed package
of cotton, wool, or staple fibre. |
| BALE DYEING |
The dyeing of cloth
without previous scouring,Dyeing of loose stock |
| BALL WARPING |
The process of
winding a group of warp yarns |
| BALLET TOE |
In knitting, a
type of reverse toe |
| BALLING UP |
See Fuzz ball. |
| BALLOON CLOTH |
Plain-weave cotton
cloth made from high quality fine yarn |
| BALLOONING |
The entrapment
of air |
| BALLOONING EYE |
Also called Twizzle,
Lappet. |
| BALLOONING YARN |
The appearance
of the curved paths of running yarns |
| BALMORAL |
A strong, heavy,
British woollen fabric made in a twill weave |
| BAN-LON |
A trade name for
fabrics made with texturised yarns. |
| BANANA FIBRES |
Fibres obtained
from plants of the banana family. |
| BAND |
A weft-way region
of the fabric that extends across the full width |
| BAND KNIFE |
A mechanically
driven endless moving blade, |
| BAND WARPING |
See Pattern warping. |
| BANDAGE |
A narrow, loosely
woven fabric made of cotton and occasionally linen in
a plain weave, resembling gauze |
| BANDED LACES |
Laces, produced
on a warp-knitting or twist-lace machine. |
| BANG OFF |
Fabric defect. |
| BANNOCKBURN |
Top quality tweed
cloth |
| BAR |
Fabric defect. |
| BARATHEA |
Expensive fine
English cloth |
| BARBE |
See under Fibre
length. |
| BARE CLOTH |
A fabric with
bad cover |
| BARÉGE |
See Barrége. |
| BARK CRÊPE |
Heavy crêpe
fabric with rough texture, like tree bark |
| BARMEN LACE |
Narrow lace made
on a type of braiding machine |
| BARMEN MACHINE |
See under Lace
machines. |
| BARNSLEY FINISH |
A term used for
a finish applied to heavy linen drills. |
| BARRAS |
a coarse linen
fabric similar to sackcloth. |
| BARRÉ |
Fabric defect,
usually major |
| BARRED |
Fabric defect. |
| BARRÉGE |
Very sheer fabric
of wool and silk or cotton used for veiling. |
| BASIC DYES |
These are cationic
dyes |
| BASIC FINISHES |
Mechanical or chemical
processes applied in some form to a constructed fabric. |
| BASIS WEIGHT OF
FABRIC |
Mass per unit area
of fabric |
| BASKET |
A variation of
the plain weave |
| BASKET WEAVE |
A variation of
the plain weave |
| BAST FIBRE |
Fibres derived
from the inner fibrous bark of dicotyledonous plants |
| BASTARD |
a substitute fabric,
a copy cloth or an inferior material. |
| BASTARD YARNS |
A term for yarns
which are spun harder than filling |
| BASTE |
Fibres derived
from the inner fibrous bark of dicotyledonous plants s |
| BASTING |
See Baste |
| BATCH |
The process of
winding cloth on a roller |
| BATCH CURE |
A procedure used
in curing durable press garments. |
| BATCHWISE PROCESS |
Processing of materials
as lots or batches |
| BATH SHEET |
See under Towel. |
| BATH TOWEL |
See under Towel |
| BATHROBE CLOTH |
A double-faced
cotton blanket fabric |
| BATIK |
Term for a resist
process of patterning cloth. |
| BATISTE |
A fine, soft, plain-woven
fabric, originally of linen and then in cotton. |
| BATT |
A carded lap of
fibres. |
| BATTENBERG LACE |
Coarse type lace
often made from linen thread |
| BATTING |
Cotton or polyester
fleece used for quilting |
| BATTING INTEGRITY |
The ability of
a textile filling material to resist distortion |
| BAULK FINISH |
A finish by which
woollen material is lightly milled |
| BAUMÉ, DEGREES |
A scale used for
measurement of the relative density (RD) of liquids by
hydrometry. |
| BAURETTE |
See Noil |
| BAVE |
The silk fibre
complete with its natural gum (sericin) |
| BAZE |
See Baize. |
| BCF |
Short for Bulked
Continuous Filament |
| BEAD |
IN SEPARATE ELEMENT
ZIPPERS, IN CONTINUOUS ELEMENT ZIPPERS |
| BEAD WRAPPING FABRIC |
See under Tyre
textiles |
| BEADED SELVEDGE |
See Loopy selvedge |
| BEADING |
See Buttoning. |
| BEADING LACE |
Very narrow, insertion
laces. |
| BEAM |
A large spool with
end flanges on to which a multitude of warp yarns are
wound parallel |
| BEAM DYEING |
A method of dyeing
warp yarns or fabrics wound on to a perforated beam |
| BEAM WARPING |
Winding a part
of the total number of ends in full width on to a warp
beam |
| BEARDED NEEDLE |
See under Needle. |
| BEARERS |
In trousers, sections
fastened to the side seams of some styles |
| BEAT-UP |
See Beating-up |
| BEATING |
A term used in
wool industry for spare threads that are run from a warp
during weaving. |
| BEATING-UP |
One of the basic
motions involved in weaving. |
| BEAVER CLOTH |
Expensive coating
material, heavily napped and raised and made to look like
beaver fur. |
| BEAVERTEEN |
A fabric having
a very high weft sett used chiefly for heavy trouserings. |
| BECK |
Also called Kettle,
Trough. |
| BECKE LINES |
Lines which appear
at the edge of a microscope image of a fibre |
| BED |
In sewing machine,
the part below the material being sewn. |
| BEDCOVERING |
A textile product
used on a bed over the sheets |
| BEDFORD CLOTH |
See Bedford cord. |
| BEDFORD CORD |
Firmly woven heavy
hardwearing fabric, very stable, showing prominent rounded
cords in the warp direction with pronounced sunken lines
between them. |
| BEDSPREAD |
A type of bedcovering
that is placed over the blankets and sheets |
| BEER |
Also called Bier.
A definite number of warp threads, usually 40 |
| BEETLE |
Soft, full, close
and lustrous finished fabric of cellulosic fabric, particularly
linen or cotton. |
| BEETLING |
See under Beetle |
| BEGGAR'S INKLE |
An old type narrow
fabric |
| BEIGE |
A term for cloth
in the natural or undyed unfinished state. |
| BELLIES |
The coarser quality
of wool |
| BELLY BANDS |
See Wrapper fibres |
| BELT |
A girdle or waistband. |
| BELT LOOP |
A loop of fabric
or thread which is sewn into the waist of the garment. |
| BELTING |
A term covering
all forms of belts, and rolls of material from which belts
are made up |
| BELWARP FABRIC |
A fine worsted
dress-cloth having a corkscrew twill weave |
| BEMBERG |
See Bembergizing |
| BEMBERGIZING |
A process used
for developing a high lustre on wool. |
| BENARES |
Lightweight cotton
or silk fabric from India. |
| BENDING LENGTH |
A measure of the
interaction between fabric weight and fabric stiffness |
| BENGALINE |
a fabric with a
more or less striking warp-rib appearance running across
the fabric, produced from cotton, worsted, silk or other
continuous filament yarns |
| BENT HANDLED SHEARS |
Scissors with blades
angled |
| BERBER |
manufactured carpets
made from natural coloured wools, or dyed fibre, and having
a homespun appearance. |
| BERLIN |
Wool rag in the
finer machine-knitted grades |
| BERLIN SILK |
A type of crocheting
silk |
| BESPOKE |
Those textile materials
which are made to order of an individual or a firm. |
| BETA-NAPHTHOL |
A developer used
in dyeing |
| BEUTANOL |
Fabrics treated
with number of coats of vinyl plastic to improve their
pliability, finish and hand. |
| BEVEL-WOVEN MATERIAL |
A woven fabric
in which warp bow is intentionally introduced. |
| BI-AXIAL FABRIC |
A warp-knitted
construction |
| BIAS |
See Skewness |
| BIAS BINDING |
The process of
making a product by cutting, woven, wide fabric at an
oblique direction to warp and weft |
| BIAS CUT |
A cut at an oblique
angle to warp and weft. |
| BIAS FILLING |
See Skewness. |
| BICOMPONENT FIBRES |
Also called Biconstituent
fibres, Bigeneric fibres. A fibre consisting of two polymers
which are chemically different, physically different,
or both |
| BICOMPONENT YARNS |
Two-fold staple
yarns,Two-fold continuous filament yarns,Yarns in which
a filament yarn is doubled or folded with a staple fibre
yarn, Core-spun yarns, wrapped yarns, Filament blend yarns, |
| BICONICAL PACKAGE |
A conical package
of yarn in which the traverse length is progressively
reduced |
| BICONSTITUENT FIBRES |
Deprecated term. |
| BIER |
See Beer. |
| BIGENERIC FIBRES |
See Bicomponent
fibres |
| BIGHT |
Also called Bite. |
| BILATERAL FIBRES |
A filament composed
of two generic fibre types or two variants of the same
generic fibre |
| BILLIARD CLOTH |
Woollen fabric
made from fine Merino wool. |
| BINCA CLOTH |
Also known as Boldwork
cloth. |
| BINCHE LACE |
Lace. A six-point
star-shaped ground net of snowflake effect |
| BINDER |
The binding or
wrapping yarn used in the production of yarns |
| BINDING |
A narrow fabric,
woven, braided or knitted, used to protect, support, or
improve the appearance of a seam or edge |
| BINDING POINT |
Also called Stitch.
A special form of thread interlacing |
| BIOFINISHING |
See under Enzymes |
| BIOPOLISHING |
See under Enzymes. |
| BIOSTONING |
See under Enzymes. |
| BIRD'S EYE |
Fabric defect in
knitted fabric |
| BIRD'S EYE BACKING |
In weft-knitted
rib jacquard fabric |
| BIRD'S EYE WEAVE |
A weave which suggests
the eye of a bird; |
| BIREFRINGENCE |
A property of anisotropic
materials |
| BISSO LINEN |
See Altar cloth |
| BISU |
Also called Husks |
| BITE |
See Bight |
| BIVOLTINE SILK |
Silk produced by
bivoltine silkworm |
| BLACK FELT |
felt manufactured
to various shades of the colour black. |
| BLACK SUPERFINE |
A fine grade of
black woollen suiting fabric. |
| BLACKJACK STAPLE |
A smooth, dark,
lustrous leaf fibre |
| BLAKY SELVEDGES |
Fabric defect. |
| BLANKET |
For bedding, an
unquilted fabric covering, designed primarily to provide
thermal insulation. |
| BLANKET CLOTH |
Named after Thomas
Blanqutte, a Flemish weaver who lived in the fourteenth
century. Thick cloth heavily napped and fulled |
| BLANKET MARK |
See Sanforizing
mark |
| BLAZE |
See Cocoon strippings |
| BLAZER CLOTH |
A type of flannel
or melton used for blazers. |
| BLEACH |
Also called Bleaching
agent. A product for cleaning, brightening, whitening, |
| BLEACHING |
Process of improving
the whiteness of textile material by decolorizing it from
the grey state |
| BLEACHING AGENT |
See Bleach |
| BLEACHING OF TEXTILE
ARTICLES |
A process carried
out in an aqueous medium before, during or after washing
processes |
| BLEEDING |
See Colour bleeding. |
| BLEEDING CHECKS |
A plain weave,
yarn dyed fabric with colours, which may be caused to
bleed. |
| BLEND |
The mixture of
dissimilar fibres in any fibrous assembly such as sliver,
yarn or fabric |
| BLEND TWIST |
See Blended yarn. |
| BLENDED FABRIC |
A fabric, which
has blended yarns |
| BLENDED YARN |
Also callled Blend
twist |
| BLENDING |
The process of
producing a Blend |
| BLIND HEM |
A hemming method |
| BLIND STITCH |
A stitch (either
by hand or machine) |
| BLIND TWILL |
A term for a fabric
in which the twill line is indistinct. |
| BLINDING |
a marked loss of
lustre of fibres |
| BLISTER KNIT |
A knit fabric with
an irregular raised surface |
| BLOCK |
Wood, metal or
linoleum blocks, engraved with patterns |
| BLOCK PATTERN |
A template of the
basic pattern shape |
| BLOCK PRINTING |
See Hand block
printing |
| BLONDE LACE |
Silk lace with
floral designs |
| BLOOD |
A term used in
connection with various fractionsof merino blood in a
certain sheep. |
| BLOOM |
A surface paleness |
| BLOT |
Printing defect. |
| BLOTCH |
Fabric defect.
Also called Oil spot |
| BLOTCH PRINT |
The broad, solid
background expanse of colour in a printed design |
| BLOW ROOM |
A section in a
cotton spinning mill |
| BLUCHÉ |
See Bouché. |
| BLUE STAINED COTTON |
See under Stained
cotton |
| BLUE-WHITE FINISH |
Appearance of a
fabric that has been treated with a small amount of bluing
after bleaching. |
| BLUETTE |
A weft faced 2/2
twill-weave fabric used for overall |
| BLUFF EDGES |
Edges finished
without outside stitching |
| BLUFFING |
the process of
fastening down the front edge of facings on to the forepart
canvas |
| BLUING |
A step in the process
of bleaching white yarn or fabric with a yellow cast to
make it whiter |
| BOARDING |
A process, involving
heating under moist or dry conditions, carried out to
confer a desired shape or size on hose or other knitted
garments whilst on a 'former'. |
| BOARDY |
Description of
woven and knit fabrics that are hard, stiff or tough hand |
| BOBBIN |
A small tube,
with or without flanges, on to which is wound the under-thread
of a lockstitch machine. |
| BOBBIN FININGS |
Lace. A leavers-lace
construction in which threads from the brass bobbin provide
the filling-in of the objects |
| BOBBIN LACE |
Also called Pillow
lace. Hand-made lace produced in the twisting and crossing
of threads |
| BOBBIN NET |
Also called Sandfly
net, Mosquito net. A hole-mesh fabric |
| BOBBINET MACHINE |
See under Lace
machines. |
| BOBBLING |
Unpleasant appearance
of fabric surface of used garment |
| BODICE |
The section of
a woman's garment covering the body from neck to waist |
| BODKIN |
A pointed instrument
for piercing holes in cloth |
| BODY |
The compact, solid,
or firm feel of a fabric. |
| BODY CARPET |
Plain or patterned,
unbordered carpet in piece form. |
| BODY DIMENSIONS |
Garment-related
term |
| BODY FLEX |
The amount that
the human body will bend |
| BODY MEASUREMENTS |
Garment-related
term. |
| BOILING |
Usually cotton,
linen, silk, etc. are boiled to remove the natural gums |
| BOILING-OFF |
The removal of
oils, sizing and other impurities from the textile material, |
| BOLDUC |
Also called Advertising
tape. |
| BOLDWORK CLOTH |
See Binca cloth |
| BOLIVIA |
Expensive, plushy,
soft, firm, and thick, top quality fabric usually of wool |
| BOLL |
A seed-case and
its contents on the cotton plant. |
| BOLT |
See Piece |
| BOLTING CLOTH |
A lightweight open
fabric, with fine and uniform mesh, used for sifting flour
or for screen-printing. |
| BOLTON SHEETING |
A sheeting fabric
of 2/2 twill weave containing a condenser weft. |
| BOMBAX |
See under Cotton
trees. |
| BOMBAZINE |
One of the oldest
fabrics known, this was a fine silk or wool fabric of
plain or twill weave for formal dresses. |
| BOMBYX MORI SILK |
Silk produced by
the cultivated silkworm |
| BOND STRENGTH TEST |
A test to measure
the force necessary to separate bonded layers of fabric
or floor covering |
| BONDED FABRIC |
A lightweight,
usually knitted, cloth which is strengthened and thickened |
| BONDED FIBRE FABRIC |
These are made
from a variety of fibres used on the same principle as
in felt, but bonded together chemically |
| BOOK |
A parcel of hanks
of raw silk whose total mass is usually 2 kg. |
| BOOK CLOTH |
Fabrics of many
qualities, used by book-binders |
| BOOK FOLD |
A method of folding
the fabric |
| BOOK MUSLIN |
A method of folding
the fabric |
| BORDER |
The sides of a
fabric |
| BOTANY TWILL |
Cloth woven from
botany quality worsted yarns in various weights |
| BOTANY WOOL |
yarns and fabrics
made from fine merino wool. |
| BOTTOM ASSEMBLY |
In zippers, the
components of the lowermost part of the slide fastene |
| BOTTOM STOP |
A thorough scouring |
| BOTTOM-CLOSED SHEDDING |
See under Closed
shedding |
| BOTTOMING |
A thorough scouring |
| BOUCHÉ |
Also called Bluché |
| BOUCLÉ |
A type of fancy
yarn with a curl or loop effect, made from two or more
threads twisted to-gether. |
| BOUCLÉ KNIT |
Knit fabric with
a bouclé effect on the right side, achieved by
the introduction of an inlaid yarn fed into the knitting
machine and trapped as the knit stitch is made. |
| BOUND SEAM-FINISH |
A finish for the
raw edges of a plain seam, in which another fabric encloses
the raw edges of one or more seam allowances. |
| BOURDON CORD |
A cord consisting
of a central core helically covered by continuous filament
yarn |
| BOURDONETTE |
A cord produced
by twisting several yarns together |
| BOURETTE |
Silk cloth made
with yarn spun from carded short fibres of lower quality
waste silk |
| BOURRELET |
A weft knitted,
non-jacquard double-jersey fabric made on an interlock
basis which is characterised by horizontal ridges on the
effect side |
| BOW |
Fabric defect |
| BOWED FILLING |
Fabric defect |
| BOWING |
Fabric defect. |
| BOWKING |
Preliminary part
of an old bleaching process |
| BOWL |
Also called Bucking. |
| BOX CLOTH |
All-wool, spun
yarn fabric, with a fibrous surface and firm handle. |
| BOX DYEING |
Method of dyeing
in which fabric is run in a single piece |
| BOX LEATHER |
Good quality leather,
which is boarded, |
| BOX LOOM |
A loom having two
or more shuttles |
| BOX MARK |
See Shuttle mark. |
| BOX PLEATS |
A form of enclosed
pleat |
| BOX SPINNING |
Also called Pot
spinning, |
| BOX STAIN |
See Shuttle mark. |
| BRACE WEB |
Also called Suspender
web |
| BRADFORD SPINNING |
English method
of spinning wool into worsted yarn |
| BRAID |
Also called Plait. |
| BRAID WOOL |
Wool grading term
more or less synonymous with lustre wool. |
| BRAID, CORED |
See Cored braid. |
| BRAID, DIAMOND |
See Diamond braid |
| BRAID, DOUBLE |
See Diamond braid |
| BRAID, HOLLOW |
See Hollow braid. |
| BRAID, PLAIN |
See Plain braid |
| BRAID, SOLID |
See Solid braid. |
| BRAID, TWILL |
See Twill braid |
| BRAIDED FABRIC |
Cloth having a
structure produced by interlacing several ends of yarns |
| BRAIDED ROPE |
A cylindrically
produced rope made by intertwining |
| BRAIDING |
The process of
interlacing three or more threads in such a way that they
cross one another in diagonal formation. |
| BRASS BOBBIN |
In lace machines,
the two machined brass discs, |
| BRATTICE CLOTH |
Coarse cotton or
jute fabric made with a plain weave and often impregnated
with chemicals |
| BREAK |
The point where
the lapel starts to roll over on a coat |
| BREAK FACTOR |
See Lea count-strength
product. |
| BREAK SPINNING |
See Open-end spinning. |
| BREAK-OUT |
See Smash. |
| BREAKER FABRIC |
See under Tyre
textiles. |
| BREAKING EXTENSION |
See Extension at
break. |
| BREAKING FORCE |
See Tensile strength
at break. |
| BREAKING LENGTH |
The length of a
specimen (usually yarn) whose mass is equal to the breaking
force. |
| BREAKING MACHINE |
Also called Button
breaker, Stud breaker |
| BREAKING STRENGTH |
Also called Tensile
strength |
| BREAKING STRESS |
The maximum stress
developed in a specimen stretched to rupture. |
| BREATHE |
See under Air-cooled
finish. |
| BREECH WOOL |
See Britch wool |
| BRETON LACE |
A net ground with
heavy embroidered designs |
| BRI-NYLON |
A British polyamide
fibre used mainly in the manufacture of carpets, lingerie,
nightwear and lightweight knitwear. |
| BRIBE |
See Fents. |
| BRICKSTITCH |
An embroidery construction
(flat couching stitch) |
| BRIDED RUG |
A textile floorcovering |
| BRIDES LACE |
Also called Bars
lace |
| BRIDGE TOP STOP |
In zippers, a part
affixed immediately above the chain, |
| BRIDLE |
A narrow strip
of fabric which is attached to the interlining along the
roll of the lapel |
| BRIGHT |
Textile materials,
particularly of man-made fibres |
| BRIGHT LACE |
Openwork effects
within a wale in lace furnishings |
| BRIGHT PICK |
Fabric defect. |
| BRIGHT YARN |
Fabric defect |
| BRIGHTON HONEYCOMB |
Usually cotton
fabric, with a typical honeycomb effect |
| BRILLIANTINE |
A dress cloth of
cotton warp and lustre worsted weft |
| BRIN |
A single filament
of silk |
| BRISE BISE |
Lace curtaining |
| BRITCH WOOL |
Also called Breech
wool |
| BROAD RIB FABRIC |
See under Rib fabric,
weft-knitted |
| BROADCLOTH |
See Cotton broadcloth,
Woollen broadcloth. |
| BROADTAIL |
A flat, lustrous
fur, slightly wavy. |
| BROCADE |
Figured fabric
having multicoloured or self-coloured floral raised designs,
sometimes with metal threads added. |
| BROCADE VELVET |
Velvet with the
pile sheared at different heights to form a design, sometimes
floral. |
| BROCATELLE |
A heavily figured
furnishing or upholstery cloth similar to brocade. |
| BROCHÉ |
Raised designs
on the surface of fabric, often introduced with the warp. |
| BRODERIE ANGLAISE |
Expensive, best
quality fabrics. |
| BROKEN COLOUR PATTERN |
Fabric defect in
woven fabrics. |
| BROKEN CROW |
See Crowfoot and
Crow twill |
| BROKEN ENDS |
See End-out. |
| BROKEN FACE |
A term for sateens |
| BROKEN FILAMENTS |
Yarn defect. Also
called Strip backs, Skin backs, Split filaments. |
| BROKEN PATTERN |
Fabric defect. |
| BROKEN PICK |
Fabric defect.
Also called Cut pick, Filling run out and Missing pick |
| BROKEN SELVEDGE |
See Cut selvedge |
| BROKEN TWILL |
Any twill weave
in which the move number is not constant. |
| BROKEN WEAVE |
See Crack mark. |
| BRONZINESS |
A metallic sheen
which can occur on a textile material or surface coating |
| BRONZING |
See under Oxidised
oil staining. |
| BROWN LACE |
Lace in the condition
in which it leaves the machine |
| BRUGES LACE |
Bar lace, named
after its original place of manufacture, Bruges. |
| BRUISE |
Fabric defect.
Also called Pressure mark |
| BRUSHED ACRYLIC |
light to medium
weight fabric with a brushed effect on one or both sides;
often printed, usually woven |
| BRUSHED ACRYLIC
KNIT |
Thick fabric, usually
light and woolly; most often, acrylic fibre on a jersey
backing with the right side brushed into a furry surface. |
| BRUSHED COTTON |
Plain or printed
cotton cloth slightly brushed on one side to add warmth. |
| BRUSHED DENIM |
Denim weave cloth,
usually all cotton, with a brushed finish on the right
side. |
| BRUSHED NYLON |
Nylon jersey brushed
on the right side to make it warm. |
| BRUSHED POLYESTER |
A fine soft cloth
with a brushed surface |
| BRUSHED WOOL |
Term used in the
pulled-wool trade. |
| BRUSHING |
A finishing process
in which a nap is raised on a fabric surface |
| BRUSSELS CARPET |
A loop-pile carpet,
woven on a Wilton loom, over unbladed wires. |
| BRUSSELS LACE |
Type of lace originally
made with very fine linen threads. |
| BUBBLE |
Use preferred term
Blister |
| BUCK |
The lower, static,
working surface of the pressing machine |
| BUCKET SPINNING |
See Box spinning |
| BUCKING |
See Bowking |
| BUCKINGHAMSHIRE
LACE |
Very fine hand-made
lace named after its place origin. |
| BUCKRAM |
A stiff fabric,
generally linen or cotton, made by impregnating a plain-weave
open-sett fabric with fillers and stiffeners |
| BUCKSKIN |
White or pinky-beige
leather, which originally came from the elk and deer,
but now also obtained from sheep. |
| BUCKSKIN FABRIC |
A fabric similar
in appearance to, but heavier than, a doeskin fabric. |
| BUFFALO CLOTH |
Heavy fabric in
twill weave, finished with considerable nap. |
| BUGGY |
A lining from the
neck down across the back of an otherwise unlined coat. |
| BUILDER |
a neutral or mildly
alkaline ingredient that is added to a synthetic detergent
or an all-purpose soap |
| BUILDER FABRIC |
A square-woven
heavy cotton duck made from very heavy ply yarns. |
| BULGE RATIO |
See Swell ratio. |
| BULK DENSITY |
Apparent mass per
unit volume |
| BULK SAMPLE |
In sampling of
bulk material |
| BULK SHRINKAGE |
A measure of potential
stretch and power of stretch yarns |
| BULKED CONTINUOUS
FILAMENT |
See BCF. |
| BULKED YARN |
A yarn that has
been treated mechanically, physically or chemically so
as to have a noticeably greater voluminosity or bulk |
| BULKY YARN |
A generic name |
| BULLION CORD |
A highly twisted
assembly of yarns w |
| BULLION FRINGE |
A fringe, the weft
of which consists of bullion cord or twine |
| BULLION STITCH |
A decorative stitch |
| BUMP SEAM |
A light coloured
width-wise printing defect |
| BUMP-GREY |
Also called Bumps |
| BUMPED TOP |
A package made
by press-packing layers of coiled sliver |
| BUMPING |
See Planking |
| BUMPS |
See Bump-grey. |
| BUNCH |
Yarn defect. Also
called Slug, Slub |
| BUNDLE |
A collection of
sufficient pieces of cut fabric to make up several garments. |
| BUNDLE STITCH |
A series of parallel
stitches |
| BUNTING |
Soft open-weave
cotton or woollen fabric used for ceremonial flags |
| BURIED PILE YARN |
In coated pile
yarn floor covering, |
| BURIN |
Also known as Graver. |
| BURL DYEING |
A low temperature
colouring process |
| BURL MARK |
Fabric defect,
usually major, in woven fabrics. |
| BURLAP |
Heavy cloth made
of jute or allied yarns with a coarse plain weave. |
| BURLING |
Removal by clipping
or picking |
| BURN-OUT PRINT |
Process of printing
a chemical on a fabric, |
| BURNING BEHAVIOUR |
changes that take
place when materials or products are exposed to a specified
ignition source. |
| BURNISHING |
A polishing of
a fabric done by rollers. |
| BURNT-OUT FABRIC |
Also called Devoré
fabric, Devorant fabric, Etched-out fabric. |
| BURR EXTRACTING |
extracting burrs
or vegetable seeds found in wools. |
| BURRS |
Wool contaminated
with vegetable impurities |
| BURRY WOOL |
See under Burrs
2 |
| BURSTING |
In knitted fabric,
a hole caused by fracture of a yarn |
| BURSTING STRENGTH |
The force or pressure
required to rupture a textile |
| BUST |
A shaped form (male
or female) on which clothes are worked on |
| BUST GIRTH |
Garment-related
term. |
| BUST POINT TO BUST
POINT |
Garment-related
term |
| BUSY PRINT |
A print design
covering a medium or large part of the fabric. |
| BUTCHER LINEN |
See under Butcher
rayon. |
| BUTCHER RAYON |
Used for overalls
and protective coats because it wears well, sheds dirt
easily in wear and washes well |
| BUTT SEAM |
A seam, which is
sewn with the two fabric edges abutting. |
| BUTTER MUSLIN |
Cheap, open weave
cotton cloth, very soft. |
| BUTTON |
A knob, disc or
similar object which when forced through a narrow opening
or buttonhole, fastens one part of a garment or other
flexible substrate to another. |
| BUTTON BREAKER |
See Breaking machine |
| BUTTON PERFORMANCE
CHARACTERISTICS |
the main performance
characteristics |
| BUTTON STAND |
The distance from
the finished edge of the garment to the centre of the
button |
| BUTTONHOLE |
The hole through
which a button is passed |
| BUTTONHOLE STAND |
The distance from
the finished edge of the garment to the eye of the buttonhole. |
| BUTTONING |
Fabric
defect |
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